Albedo - Revision history

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 18:05, 10 September 2021

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			[[Category:Translated to French]]
			[[fr:Albédo]]
	[[File:Roof-albedo.gif\|480px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref> An albedo of 1 would mean a perfect reflector and an albedo of 0 would absorb all light striking it.]]		[[File:Roof-albedo.gif\|480px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref> An albedo of 1 would mean a perfect reflector and an albedo of 0 would absorb all light striking it.]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

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Energy>Jmdonev at 22:50, 26 January 2020

2020-01-26T22:50:44Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2017~~-07-01]]		[[Category:Done 2020-01-31]]
	[[File:Roof-albedo.gif\|~~400px~~\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref>]]		[[File:Roof-albedo.gif\|480px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref> An albedo of 1 would mean a perfect reflector and an albedo of 0 would absorb all light striking it.]]

	<onlyinclude>'''Albedo''' is the amount of [[solar radiation]] ~~that is~~ reflected by ~~some~~ surface, and is ~~often~~ expressed as a ~~percentage~~ or a decimal value.~~</onlyinclude> Overall~~, ~~albedo~~ is ~~a measure of the reflectivity of~~ the surface of ~~the~~ Earth.<ref>ESR. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://www.esr.org/outreach/glossary/albedo.html</ref> White objects, such as a snowy hill have a high albedo. Conversely, dark objects like pavement have a low albedo.<ref name=IPCC_SREX>IPCC, 2012: Glossary of terms. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation [Field, C.B., V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, pp. 555-564.</ref> ~~Because of this~~, ~~part of~~ [[energy efficient building design]] ~~is taking~~ into consideration whether a wall or ceiling warms the building or keeps it cool - resulting in a choice of a dark or light coating respectively.		<onlyinclude>'''Albedo''' is the amount of [[sunlight]] ([[solar radiation]]) reflected by a surface, and is usually expressed as a [[percent]]age or a decimal value, with 1 being a perfect reflector and 0 absorbing all incoming light. When talking about albedo, the surface is almost always the surface of a planet like Earth.<ref>ESR. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://www.esr.org/outreach/glossary/albedo.html</ref> White objects, such as a snowy hill have a high albedo. Conversely, dark objects, like pavement, have a low albedo.<ref name=IPCC_SREX>IPCC, 2012: Glossary of terms. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation [Field, C.B., V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, pp. 555-564.</ref></onlyinclude> The term can also refer to human made structures. In fact, [[energy efficient building design]] takes albedo into consideration whether a wall or ceiling warms the building or keeps it cool - resulting in a choice of a dark or light coating respectively.

	~~The~~ albedo on Earth ~~can vary slightly~~. Changes in albedo occur ~~as a result of varying degrees of cloudiness as well~~ as the amount of [[cloud]] cover, snow, ice, and vegetation ~~that exist in a given area~~. ~~Since it~~ is one of the major properties that controls how much [[energy]] ~~reaches~~ the surface of the Earth, ~~it is an~~ important ~~factor~~ in [[climate]] models. In addition to describing the properties of an object, such as its colour, the albedo can provide information about the land surface, including soil moisture, amount of vegetation, and levels of urbanization.		For a given area, albedo is determined by more than just the composition of soil, it's impacted by soil moisture, type of vegetation, and levels of urbanization. Different surfaces on the Earth have different albedos (shown in Figure 1) and that albedo varies with time. Changes in albedo occur as the amount of [[cloud]] cover changes. Likewise, changes in any surface cover, like snow, ice, and vegetation, shift the albedo. Albedo is one of the major properties that controls how much [[energy]] is absorbed by the surface of the Earth, the cloudiness and ground cover are important factors in [[climate]] models.

	~~It is important to note that the~~ surface doesn't have a single albedo, rather a number of different albedos that are combined into a single number to accurately describe how the Earth reflects and absorbs solar energy as a whole. Figures 2 and 3 below illustrate ~~that~~ different albedos ~~exist~~ around the world, and ~~these~~ albedos ~~can~~ change depending on the time of year. For both images, high albedos are represented by the colour white while lower albedos are a dark blue.		The Earth's surface doesn't have a single albedo, rather a number of different albedos that are combined into a single number to accurately describe how the Earth reflects and absorbs solar energy as a whole. Figures 2 and 3 below illustrate different albedos around the world, and how those albedos change depending on the time of year. For both images, high albedos are represented by the colour white while lower albedos are a dark blue.

	[[File:february.jpeg\|400px\|framed\|center\|Figure 2. Albedo values for the Earth for February 2015.<ref name=nasa>NASA Earth Observatory. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo'' [Online]. Available: http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=MCD43C3_M_BSA</ref>]]		[[File:february.jpeg\|400px\|framed\|center\|Figure 2. Albedo values for the Earth for February 2015.<ref name=nasa>NASA Earth Observatory. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo'' [Online]. Available: http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=MCD43C3_M_BSA</ref>]]
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	==Climate Change==		==Climate Change==
	The ~~concept~~ of albedo ~~is important when investigating [[climate change]]~~. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.30 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref>Measuring the Earth's Albedo, Accessed March 30th, 2019. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/84499/measuring-earths-albedo</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].		The Earth's climate depends on a balance of incoming and outgoing energy from the sun, which is determined by albedo. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.30 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref>Measuring the Earth's Albedo, Accessed March 30th, 2019. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/84499/measuring-earths-albedo</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].

	[[Global warming]] ~~is causing changes to~~ the Earth's albedo. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback]] (a [[feedback cycle]] that drives the climate out of control). In addition to melting ice which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a ~~changing~~ in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics>HyperPhysics. (~~September 26~~, ~~2015~~). ''Albedo of the Earth'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/albedo.html</ref>		As the [[Global warming\|world warms]] the Earth's albedo shifts. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading to less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback]] (a [[feedback cycle]] that drives the climate out of control). In addition to melting ice, which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a change in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics>HyperPhysics. (March 30, 2019). ''Albedo of the Earth'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/albedo.html</ref>

			<html>
			<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/uVkfh89iyeU" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
			</html>
	For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].		For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Climate change]]
			*[[Climate forcing]]
			*[[Blackbody radiation]]
			*[[Positive climate feedback]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]		{{reflist}}
			[[Category:Uploaded]]

Jmdonev at 02:07, 31 March 2019

2019-03-31T02:07:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:07, 31 March 2019
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	==Climate Change==		==Climate Change==
	The concept of albedo is important when investigating [[climate change]]. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.39 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref ~~name=hyperphysics~~>~~HyperPhysics. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo of~~ the Earth'~~' [Online]~~. ~~Available: http~~://~~hyperphysics~~.~~phy-astr~~.~~gsu.edu~~/~~hbase~~/~~phyopt~~/albedo~~.html~~</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].		The concept of albedo is important when investigating [[climate change]]. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.30 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref>Measuring the Earth's Albedo, Accessed March 30th, 2019. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/84499/measuring-earths-albedo</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].

	[[Global warming]] is causing changes to the Earth's albedo. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback]] (a [[feedback cycle]] that drives the climate out of control). In addition to melting ice which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a changing in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics/>		[[Global warming]] is causing changes to the Earth's albedo. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback]] (a [[feedback cycle]] that drives the climate out of control). In addition to melting ice which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a changing in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics>HyperPhysics. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo of the Earth'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/albedo.html</ref>

	For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].		For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]		{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2017-08-29T01:46:47Z

1 revision imported

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Jmdonev at 16:02, 28 July 2017

2017-07-28T16:02:07Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-10-15]]		[[Category:Done 2017-07-01]]
	[[File:Roof-albedo.gif\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref>]]		[[File:Roof-albedo.gif\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref>]]

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	The concept of albedo is important when investigating [[climate change]]. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.39 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref name=hyperphysics>HyperPhysics. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo of the Earth'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/albedo.html</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].		The concept of albedo is important when investigating [[climate change]]. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.39 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref name=hyperphysics>HyperPhysics. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo of the Earth'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/albedo.html</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].

	[[Global warming]] is causing changes to the Earth's albedo. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback cycle]]. In addition to melting ice which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a changing in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics/>		[[Global warming]] is causing changes to the Earth's albedo. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback]] (a [[feedback cycle]] that drives the climate out of control). In addition to melting ice which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a changing in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics/>

	For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].		For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-11-13T01:47:30Z

1 revision imported

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Jmdonev at 23:12, 29 September 2015

2015-09-29T23:12:15Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-10-15]]
[[File:Roof-albedo.gif|400px|framed|right|Figure 1. Albedos of different surfaces.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 26, 2015). ''Roof Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Roof-albedo.gif</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Albedo''' is the amount of [[solar radiation]] that is reflected by some surface, and is often expressed as a percentage or a decimal value.</onlyinclude> Overall, albedo is a measure of the reflectivity of the surface of the Earth.<ref>ESR. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo'' [Online]. Available: https://www.esr.org/outreach/glossary/albedo.html</ref> White objects, such as a snowy hill have a high albedo. Conversely, dark objects like pavement have a low albedo.<ref name=IPCC_SREX>IPCC, 2012: Glossary of terms. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation [Field, C.B., V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, pp. 555-564.</ref> Because of this, part of [[energy efficient building design]] is taking into consideration whether a wall or ceiling warms the building or keeps it cool - resulting in a choice of a dark or light coating respectively.

The albedo on Earth can vary slightly. Changes in albedo occur as a result of varying degrees of cloudiness as well as the amount of [[cloud]] cover, snow, ice, and vegetation that exist in a given area. Since it is one of the major properties that controls how much [[energy]] reaches the surface of the Earth, it is an important factor in [[climate]] models. In addition to describing the properties of an object, such as its colour, the albedo can provide information about the land surface, including soil moisture, amount of vegetation, and levels of urbanization.

It is important to note that the surface doesn't have a single albedo, rather a number of different albedos that are combined into a single number to accurately describe how the Earth reflects and absorbs solar energy as a whole. Figures 2 and 3 below illustrate that different albedos exist around the world, and these albedos can change depending on the time of year. For both images, high albedos are represented by the colour white while lower albedos are a dark blue.

[[File:february.jpeg|400px|framed|center|Figure 2. Albedo values for the Earth for February 2015.<ref name=nasa>NASA Earth Observatory. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo'' [Online]. Available: http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=MCD43C3_M_BSA</ref>]]

[[File:albedo image.jpg|400px|framed|center|Figure 3. Albedo values for the Earth for July 2015.<ref name=nasa/>]]

==Climate Change==
The concept of albedo is important when investigating [[climate change]]. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.39 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium [[temperature]] of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed.<ref name=hyperphysics>HyperPhysics. (September 26, 2015). ''Albedo of the Earth'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/albedo.html</ref> This changes how [[Earth's energy budget]] balances and thus changes [[Earth's heat balance]].

[[Global warming]] is causing changes to the Earth's albedo. The amount of ice covering the planet is dropping as a result of increased temperatures from global warming. This causes a decrease in the area of white surfaces, leading less energy to be reflected and more to be absorbed. This process warms the Earth even more. The melting of Arctic ice is especially concerning as it triggers a [[positive feedback cycle]]. In addition to melting ice which lowers albedo, the conditions caused as a result of the [[greenhouse effect]] can also change the albedo of the Earth. The greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth by trapping in more [[infrared radiation]] with the increased number of [[greenhouse gas]]es in the atmosphere, allowing less energy to bounce off of the [[atmosphere]]. Since the greenhouse effect can lower the albedo of the Earth and a changing albedo can result in a changing in the equilibrium temperature of the Earth, a change in albedo can contribute to climate change.<ref name=hyperphysics/>

For information on how the Earth's albedo is measured please see NASA's site, [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=84499 measuring the Earth's albedo].
==References==
{{reflist}}