Atmosphere - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2021-09-27T00:02:39Z

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 18:54, 18 June 2021

2021-06-18T18:54:57Z

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	[[category:371 topics]]		[[category:371 topics]]
	[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]		[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]
	[[Category:Done ~~2018~~-06-15]]		[[Category:Done 2021-01-31]]
			[[Category: Translated to Spanish]]
			[[es:Atmósfera]]
			[[Category:Translated to French]]
			[[fr:Atmosphère]]
	[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]		[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]

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	<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have ~~extensive~~ atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.		<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.

	As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and [[oxygen]] (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] can make up 0-4% of the Earth's atmosphere (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). The concentration of water vapour varies due to location and the time of day.<ref>"Composition of the Atmosphere \| North Carolina Climate Office", Climate.ncsu.edu, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/Composition. [Accessed: 07- Jun- 2018]</ref> For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].		As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and [[oxygen]] (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] can make up 0-4% of the Earth's atmosphere (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). The concentration of water vapour varies due to location and the time of day.<ref>"Composition of the Atmosphere \| North Carolina Climate Office", Climate.ncsu.edu, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/Composition. [Accessed: 07- Jun- 2018]</ref> For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-06-25T14:30:29Z

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Jmdonev at 00:40, 9 June 2018

2018-06-09T00:40:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:40, 9 June 2018
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	[[category:371 topics]]		[[category:371 topics]]
	[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]		[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]
	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-09-06]]		[[Category:Done 2018-06-15]]
	[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]		[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]

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	<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have an extensive atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.		<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have extensive atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.

	As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and [[oxygen]] (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] ~~makes~~ up ~~roughly 1~~% of the Earth's atmosphere ~~under normal conditions, but this varies greatly~~ (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].		As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and [[oxygen]] (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] can make up 0-4% of the Earth's atmosphere (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). The concentration of water vapour varies due to location and the time of day.<ref>"Composition of the Atmosphere \| North Carolina Climate Office", Climate.ncsu.edu, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/Composition. [Accessed: 07- Jun- 2018]</ref> For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].

	The atmosphere protects the surface of the Earth from harmful [[cosmic ray]]s and holds the oxygen and carbon dioxide needed to support life. The chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere is governed by [[chemical reaction]]s, many of which come from life. Life is notably responsible for the [[atmospheric oxygen]]; without [[photosynthesis]], the [[molecular oxygen]] in the atmosphere would chemically ~~react away~~.		The atmosphere protects the surface of the Earth from harmful [[cosmic ray]]s and holds the oxygen and carbon dioxide needed to support life.<ref>"Atmosphere Protects", Forces.si.edu, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://forces.si.edu/atmosphere/02_04_00.html. [Accessed: 07- Jun- 2018].</ref> The chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere is governed by [[chemical reaction]]s, many of which come from life. Life is notably responsible for the [[atmospheric oxygen]]; without [[photosynthesis]], the [[molecular oxygen]] in the atmosphere would chemically vanish.

	In addition to being important for life, the atmosphere also allows the harvesting of a number of [[primary energy]] sources. For example, the oxygen in the atmosphere makes [[combustion]] of [[hydrocarbon]]s (like those found in [[fossil fuel]]s or [[biofuel]]s) possible. The atmosphere also serves as a [[heat sink]] for certain types of [[heat engine]]s (for example, a car engine couldn't run without dumping [[waste heat]] into the atmosphere; neither can certain types of [[power plant]]s). More obviously, the [[wind]] is the atmosphere moving, so atmosphere is needed for [[wind power]].		In addition to being important for life, the atmosphere also allows the harvesting of a number of [[primary energy]] sources. For example, the oxygen in the atmosphere makes [[combustion]] of [[hydrocarbon]]s (like those found in [[fossil fuel]]s or [[biofuel]]s) possible. The atmosphere also serves as a [[heat sink]] for certain types of [[heat engine]]s (for example, a car engine couldn't run without dumping [[waste heat]] into the atmosphere; neither can certain types of [[power plant]]s). More obviously, the [[wind]] is the atmosphere moving, so atmosphere is needed for [[wind power]].
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	Because the atmosphere is a [[fluid]], it moves quite readily around the surface of the Earth. This makes the atmosphere one of the primary vectors for [[pollution]]. The atmosphere is one of the places where humans put a fair amount of [[waste]], especially waste from [[power plant]]s. Some of this waste (like [[waste heat]]) is generally harmless, but most of it becomes atmospheric pollution (recall that [[pollution]] is anything that humans create that harms the [[environment]], see [[pollution vs waste]]). Carbon dioxide waste (mostly from burning [[fossil fuel]]s) is increasing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, leading to [[global warming]] and other forms of [[climate change]].		Because the atmosphere is a [[fluid]], it moves quite readily around the surface of the Earth. This makes the atmosphere one of the primary vectors for [[pollution]]. The atmosphere is one of the places where humans put a fair amount of [[waste]], especially waste from [[power plant]]s. Some of this waste (like [[waste heat]]) is generally harmless, but most of it becomes atmospheric pollution (recall that [[pollution]] is anything that humans create that harms the [[environment]], see [[pollution vs waste]]). Carbon dioxide waste (mostly from burning [[fossil fuel]]s) is increasing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, leading to [[global warming]] and other forms of [[climate change]].

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Gas]]
			*[[Primary energy]]
			*[[Greenhouse effect]]
			*[[Climate vs weather]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-18T16:51:02Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 16:51, 18 September 2015
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Jhanania at 20:04, 3 September 2015

2015-09-03T20:04:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:04, 3 September 2015
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	[[category:371 topics]]		[[category:371 topics]]
	[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]		[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]
	[[Category:Done 2015-09-05]]		[[Category:Done 2015-09-06]]
	[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]		[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]

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	<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have an extensive atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.		<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have an extensive atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.

	As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] makes up roughly 1% of the Earth's atmosphere under normal conditions, but this varies greatly (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].		As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and [[oxygen]] (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] makes up roughly 1% of the Earth's atmosphere under normal conditions, but this varies greatly (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].

	The atmosphere protects the surface of the Earth from harmful [[cosmic ray]]s and holds the oxygen and carbon dioxide needed to support life. The chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere is governed by [[chemical reaction]]s, many of which come from life. Life is notably responsible for the [[atmospheric oxygen]]; without [[photosynthesis]], the [[molecular oxygen]] in the atmosphere would chemically react away.		The atmosphere protects the surface of the Earth from harmful [[cosmic ray]]s and holds the oxygen and carbon dioxide needed to support life. The chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere is governed by [[chemical reaction]]s, many of which come from life. Life is notably responsible for the [[atmospheric oxygen]]; without [[photosynthesis]], the [[molecular oxygen]] in the atmosphere would chemically react away.

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-03T18:22:19Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 18:22, 3 September 2015
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Jmdonev at 21:44, 27 August 2015

2015-08-27T21:44:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:44, 27 August 2015
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	[[category:371 topics]]		[[category:371 topics]]
	[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]		[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]
	[[Category:Done 2015-02-15]]		[[Category:Done 2015-09-05]]
	[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]		[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png\|250px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]

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	The atmosphere is responsible for the [[greenhouse effect]], which makes the Earth warm enough to live on. In fact, most aspects of the Earth's [[weather]] and [[climate]] are an important consequence of the the atmosphere (the ocean being the other largest contributor). The chemistry of the atmosphere has changed over time. For example, for over a billion years there was almost no [[atmospheric oxygen]]. Figure 2 shows how the atmosphere was almost entirely carbon dioxide billions of years ago.		The atmosphere is responsible for the [[greenhouse effect]], which makes the Earth warm enough to live on. In fact, most aspects of the Earth's [[weather]] and [[climate]] are an important consequence of the the atmosphere (the ocean being the other largest contributor). The chemistry of the atmosphere has changed over time. For example, for over a billion years there was almost no [[atmospheric oxygen]]. Figure 2 shows how the atmosphere was almost entirely carbon dioxide billions of years ago.

	Because the atmosphere is a [[fluid]], it moves quite readily around the surface of the Earth. This makes the atmosphere one of the primary vectors for pollution. The atmosphere is one of the places where humans put a fair amount of [[waste]], especially waste from [[power plant]]s. Some of this waste (like [[waste heat]]) is generally harmless, but most of it becomes [[atmospheric pollution]] (recall that [[pollution]] is anything that humans create that harms the [[environment]]). Carbon dioxide waste (mostly from burning [[fossil fuel]]s) is increasing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, leading to [[global warming]] and other forms of [[climate change]].		Because the atmosphere is a [[fluid]], it moves quite readily around the surface of the Earth. This makes the atmosphere one of the primary vectors for [[pollution]]. The atmosphere is one of the places where humans put a fair amount of [[waste]], especially waste from [[power plant]]s. Some of this waste (like [[waste heat]]) is generally harmless, but most of it becomes atmospheric pollution (recall that [[pollution]] is anything that humans create that harms the [[environment]], see [[pollution vs waste]]). Carbon dioxide waste (mostly from burning [[fossil fuel]]s) is increasing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, leading to [[global warming]] and other forms of [[climate change]].

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:30:46Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:30, 26 August 2015
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J.williams at 16:40, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:40:29Z

New page

[[category:371 topics]]
[[category:Lecture 1A a changing planet]]
[[Category:Done 2015-02-15]]
[[File:Atmosphere gas proportions.svg.png|250px|thumbnail|Figure 1. The present makeup of the Earth's atmosphere.<ref> (2014, Jan. 6). ''Atmosphere gas proportions.svg'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg </ref>]]

[[File:Atmospheric composition history.png|450px|thumbnail|Figure 2. The makeup of the Earth's atmosphere as a function of time.<ref> Modified from figure 17.1: P. Bimblecombe and T. D. Davies, ''The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences'', Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1981, p. 276.</ref>
]]

<onlyinclude>An '''atmosphere''' is the layer of [[gas]]es surrounding a planet.</onlyinclude> Many planets (and a number of moons) have atmospheres; some are thicker than Earth's (like Venus) and some are thinner (like Mars). Mercury and the Earth's moon have almost no atmosphere at all. Jupiter and the other gas giants have an extensive atmospheres that are remarkably thick and extensive.

As seen in figure 1, the Earth's atmosphere is made mostly of [[nitrogen]] (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace amounts of [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]], and other gases. While not included here, [[water vapour]] makes up roughly 1% of the Earth's atmosphere under normal conditions, but this varies greatly (and is not part of the listed percent in figure 1). For a given [[temperature]] this amount is called [[relative humidity]].

The atmosphere protects the surface of the Earth from harmful [[cosmic ray]]s and holds the oxygen and carbon dioxide needed to support life. The chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere is governed by [[chemical reaction]]s, many of which come from life. Life is notably responsible for the [[atmospheric oxygen]]; without [[photosynthesis]], the [[molecular oxygen]] in the atmosphere would chemically react away.

In addition to being important for life, the atmosphere also allows the harvesting of a number of [[primary energy]] sources. For example, the oxygen in the atmosphere makes [[combustion]] of [[hydrocarbon]]s (like those found in [[fossil fuel]]s or [[biofuel]]s) possible. The atmosphere also serves as a [[heat sink]] for certain types of [[heat engine]]s (for example, a car engine couldn't run without dumping [[waste heat]] into the atmosphere; neither can certain types of [[power plant]]s). More obviously, the [[wind]] is the atmosphere moving, so atmosphere is needed for [[wind power]].

The atmosphere is responsible for the [[greenhouse effect]], which makes the Earth warm enough to live on. In fact, most aspects of the Earth's [[weather]] and [[climate]] are an important consequence of the the atmosphere (the ocean being the other largest contributor). The chemistry of the atmosphere has changed over time. For example, for over a billion years there was almost no [[atmospheric oxygen]]. Figure 2 shows how the atmosphere was almost entirely carbon dioxide billions of years ago.

Because the atmosphere is a [[fluid]], it moves quite readily around the surface of the Earth. This makes the atmosphere one of the primary vectors for pollution. The atmosphere is one of the places where humans put a fair amount of [[waste]], especially waste from [[power plant]]s. Some of this waste (like [[waste heat]]) is generally harmless, but most of it becomes [[atmospheric pollution]] (recall that [[pollution]] is anything that humans create that harms the [[environment]]). Carbon dioxide waste (mostly from burning [[fossil fuel]]s) is increasing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, leading to [[global warming]] and other forms of [[climate change]].

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]