Butane - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2021-09-27T00:02:56Z

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 20:23, 17 May 2021

2021-05-17T20:23:12Z

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	[[category:fuels]]		[[category:fuels]]
	[[Category:Done 2020-01-31]]		[[Category:Done 2020-01-31]]
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	[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg\|right\|200px\|framed\|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]		[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg\|right\|200px\|framed\|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2020-01-31T05:10:08Z

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Energy>Jmdonev at 04:43, 27 January 2020

2020-01-27T04:43:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:43, 27 January 2020
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	~~<translate>~~
	~~<!--T:1-->~~
	[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg\|right\|200px\|framed\|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]		[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg\|right\|200px\|framed\|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]

	~~<!--T:2-->~~		<onlyinclude>'''Butane''' is an [[alkane]] with the chemical formula <chem>C4H10</chem>, as shown in Figure 2. As a type of [[hydrocarbon]], it can undergo [[hydrocarbon combustion]] which releases [[heat]] energy.</onlyinclude> Butane is one of the [[hydrocarbon]] components of raw [[natural gas]], which is a type of [[fossil fuel]].<ref>“NATURAL GAS FAQs,” Pacific Northern Gas RSS. [Online]. Available: http://www.png.ca/natural-gas-faqs/. [Accessed: 24-May-2017]</ref> Butane is usually removed from natural gas before being shipped to customers, but then butane is sold separately as a [[fuel]] itself.
	<onlyinclude>'''Butane''' is an an alkane with the chemical formula C<~~sub~~>4</~~sub>H<sub>10</sub~~>. As a type of [[hydrocarbon]], it can undergo [[hydrocarbon combustion]] which ~~gives off~~ heat energy.</onlyinclude> Butane is one of the [[hydrocarbon]] components of raw [[natural gas]], which is a type of [[fossil fuel]].<ref>“NATURAL GAS FAQs,” Pacific Northern Gas RSS. [Online]. Available: http://www.png.ca/natural-gas-faqs/. [Accessed: 24-May-2017]</ref> Butane is usually removed from natural gas before being shipped to customers, but then butane is sold separately as a fuel itself.

	~~<!--T:3-->~~		At typical temperatures and pressures butane is a [[gas]] and either by itself, or mixed with [[propane]] (<chem>C3H8</chem>), makes [[liquefied petroleum gas]] (LPG).<ref name=LPG>Hahn, E. (2020). What is the Percentage of Propane and Butane in LPG Gas Mixture - Which Gas is Present in LPG. [online] Elgas.com.au. Available at: https://www.elgas.com.au/blog/1972-lpg-contains-which-gases-gases-present-in-lpg-gases-used [Accessed 26 Jan. 2020].</ref> The percent of butane and propane in LPG varies based on what LPG is used for and the climate of where it is used.<ref name=LPG/> LPG could even be entirely propane.
	~~Butane~~ is ~~commonly mixed with~~ [[~~propane~~]] ~~in camping fuel in order to maintain higher~~ [[~~pressure~~]]~~s at low~~ [[~~temperature~~]]s.<ref name=~~book2~~>~~MSR~~.(~~2014~~). ~~''MSR ISOPRO~~ - ~~Performance Boosting Fuel for your Canister Stove''~~ [~~Online~~]. Available: ~~http~~://www.~~cascadedesigns~~.com/~~msr~~/~~stoves/stove~~-~~accessories/msr~~-~~isopro/product~~ [~~February 16, 2015~~].</ref> ~~Butane is also one~~ of ~~the main components~~ in ~~lighter fluid~~ and is ~~commonly~~ used ~~in cigarette lighters, portable stoves and butane torches~~. ~~Figure 1 shows a butane torch used for cooking purposes~~.

	=~~=Properties== <!~~--T:4-->		Butane is also commonly mixed with [[propane]] in camping fuel in order to maintain higher [[pressure]]s at low [[temperature]]s.<ref name=book2>MSR.(2014). ''MSR ISOPRO - Performance Boosting Fuel for your Canister Stove'' [Online]. Available: http://www.cascadedesigns.com/msr/stoves/stove-accessories/msr-isopro/product [February 16, 2015].</ref> Butane is as well one of the main components in lighter fluid and is commonly used in cigarette lighters, portable stoves and butane torches. Figure 1 shows a butane torch used for cooking purposes.

	~~<!--T:5-->~~		==Properties==
	[[File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png\|thumb\|255px\|Figure 2. Space filling model of butane, the white spheres represent[[hydrogen]] and the black spheres represent [[carbon]].<ref>"Butane-3D-space-filling". Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png#mediaviewer/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png</ref>]]
			[[File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png\|thumb\|255px\|Figure 2. Space filling model of butane, the white spheres represent [[hydrogen]] and the black spheres represent [[carbon]].<ref>"Butane-3D-space-filling". Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png#mediaviewer/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png</ref>]]
	Below is a table of some of the basic properties of butane.		Below is a table of some of the basic properties of butane.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\| [[Molar mass]] \|\| 58.12 [[kilogram\|grams]]/[[mole]]		\| [[Molar mass]] \|\| 58.12 [[kilogram\|grams]]/[[mole]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| [[Energy density]] \|\| 49.5 MJ/kg<ref>Glenn Elert. (2015). ''The Physics Hypertextbook - Chemical Potential Energy'' [Online]. Available: http://physics.info/energy-chemical/ [February 16, 2015].</ref>		\| [[Energy density]] \|\| 49.5 [[joule\|MJ]]/kg<ref>Glenn Elert. (2015). ''The Physics Hypertextbook - Chemical Potential Energy'' [Online]. Available: http://physics.info/energy-chemical/ [February 16, 2015].</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	\| Melting Point \|\| -138<sup>o</sup>C<ref name =elmhurst>Charles E. Ophardt. (2003). ''Virtual Chembook - Hydrocarbon Boiling Points'' [Online]. Available: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/501hcboilingpts.html [February 16,2015].</ref>		\| [[melting point\|Melting Point]] \|\| -138[[Celsius\|<sup>o</sup>C]]<ref name =elmhurst>Charles E. Ophardt. (2003). ''Virtual Chembook - Hydrocarbon Boiling Points'' [Online]. Available: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/501hcboilingpts.html [February 16,2015].</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	\| Boiling Point \|\| -0.5<sup>o</sup>C<ref name =elmhurst/>		\| [[boiling point\|Boiling Point]] \|\| -0.5[[Celsius\|<sup>o</sup>C]]<ref name =elmhurst/>
	\|}		\|}

	==Combustion Reaction== ~~<!--T:6-->~~		==Combustion Reaction==

	~~<!--T:7-->~~
	Butane releases its [[chemical energy]] by undergoing [[hydrocarbon combustion]]. Below is a [[hydrocarbon combustion]] animation showing the net reaction that occurs when butane combines with [[oxygen]].		Butane releases its [[chemical energy]] by undergoing [[hydrocarbon combustion]]. Below is a [[hydrocarbon combustion]] animation showing the net reaction that occurs when butane combines with [[oxygen]].

	~~<!--T:8-->~~		<center> 2 C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub> + 13 O<sub>2</sub> → 8 CO<sub>2</sub> + 10 H<sub>2</sub>O + Heat Energy ([[Enthalpy]]) </center>
	<center> 2 (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) + 13 (O<sub>2</sub>) → 8(CO<sub>2</sub>) + 10(H<sub>2</sub>O) + Heat Energy ([[Enthalpy]]) </center>

	~~<!--T:9-->~~
	<html><iframe src='https://energyeducation.ca/simulations/combustion/combustion_butane.html' width='900px' height='330px' style='border:none;position:relative;left:-35px'></iframe></html>		<html><iframe src='https://energyeducation.ca/simulations/combustion/combustion_butane.html' width='900px' height='330px' style='border:none;position:relative;left:-35px'></iframe></html>

	~~<!--T:10-->~~		The [[hydrocarbon combustion]] reaction releases heat [[energy]] and is an example of an [[exothermic reaction]]. The reaction also has a negative [[enthalpy]] change (ΔH) value.
	The [[hydrocarbon combustion]] reaction releases [[heat]] [[energy]] and is an example of an [[exothermic reaction]]. The reaction also has a negative [[enthalpy]] change (ΔH) value.

	==For Further Reading==		==For Further Reading==
	*[[Chemical ~~Energy~~]]		*[[Chemical energy]]
	*[[Chemical bond]]		*[[Chemical bond]]
	*[[Combustion]]		*[[Combustion]]
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	==References==		==References==
	~~</translate>~~
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]
	~~<languages />~~

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-06-25T14:30:38Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 14:30, 25 June 2018
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Jmdonev at 21:08, 24 June 2018

2018-06-24T21:08:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:08, 24 June 2018
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	[[category:fuels]]		[[category:fuels]]
	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-06-01]]		[[Category:Done 2018-06-15]]
	[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg\|right\|framed\|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]		<translate>
			<!--T:1-->
			[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg\|right\|200px\|framed\|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]

	<onlyinclude>'''Butane''' is ~~a [[hydrocarbon]] that can be burned as a [[fuel]]. It's~~ chemical formula is C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>.~~</onlyinclude> It is often one of the components~~ of [[~~natural gas~~]]~~.<ref>Center for Energy Economics. (2015). ''Composition of Natural Gas and LNG''~~ [~~Online~~]~~. Available: http://www.beg.utexas.edu/energyecon/lng/LNG_introduction_07.php [February 16, 2015~~].</~~ref~~> Butane is ~~commonly mixed with~~ [[~~propane~~]] ~~in camping fuel in order to maintain higher~~ [[~~pressure~~]]~~s at low~~ [[~~temperature~~]]s.<ref ~~name=book1~~>~~MSR.(2014)~~. ~~''MSR ISOPRO - Performance Boosting Fuel for your Canister Stove''~~ [Online]. Available: http://www.~~cascadedesigns~~.~~com~~/~~msr/stoves/stove~~-~~accessories/msr~~-~~isopro~~/~~product~~ [~~February 16, 2015~~].</ref> Butane is ~~also one of the key ingredients in lighter fluid and is commonly used in cigarette lighters~~, ~~portable stoves and~~ butane ~~torches (see figure 1)~~.		<!--T:2-->
			<onlyinclude>'''Butane''' is an an alkane with the chemical formula C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>. As a type of [[hydrocarbon]], it can undergo [[hydrocarbon combustion]] which gives off heat energy.</onlyinclude> Butane is one of the [[hydrocarbon]] components of raw [[natural gas]], which is a type of [[fossil fuel]].<ref>“NATURAL GAS FAQs,” Pacific Northern Gas RSS. [Online]. Available: http://www.png.ca/natural-gas-faqs/. [Accessed: 24-May-2017]</ref> Butane is usually removed from natural gas before being shipped to customers, but then butane is sold separately as a fuel itself.

	~~Like all hydrocarbons, butane undergoes~~ [[~~hydrocarbon combustion~~]] ~~when used as~~ fuel.		<!--T:3-->
	<BR>~~ ~~<BR>		Butane is commonly mixed with [[propane]] in camping fuel in order to maintain higher [[pressure]]s at low [[temperature]]s.<ref name=book2>MSR.(2014). ''MSR ISOPRO - Performance Boosting Fuel for your Canister Stove'' [Online]. Available: http://www.cascadedesigns.com/msr/stoves/stove-accessories/msr-isopro/product [February 16, 2015].</ref> Butane is also one of the main components in lighter fluid and is commonly used in cigarette lighters, portable stoves and butane torches. Figure 1 shows a butane torch used for cooking purposes.

	==Properties==		==Properties== <!--T:4-->

	[[File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png\|thumb\|~~300px~~\|Figure 2. Space filling model of butane, the white is [[hydrogen]] and the black is [[carbon]].<ref>"Butane-3D-space-filling". Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png#mediaviewer/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png</ref>]]		<!--T:5-->
			[[File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png\|thumb\|255px\|Figure 2. Space filling model of butane, the white spheres represent[[hydrogen]] and the black spheres represent [[carbon]].<ref>"Butane-3D-space-filling". Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png#mediaviewer/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png</ref>]]
	Below is a table of some of the basic properties of butane.		Below is a table of some of the basic properties of butane.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\|}		\|}

	==Combustion ~~Animation~~==		==Combustion Reaction== <!--T:6-->
	Butane ~~is used as a combustible fuel~~. Below is an animation showing the net reaction that occurs ~~during the~~ [[~~hydrocarbon combustion~~]] ~~of butane~~.
	<html><iframe src='~~http~~://energyeducation.ca/simulations/combustion/combustion_butane.html' width='900px' height='330px' style='border:none;position:relative;left:-35px'></iframe></html>		<!--T:7-->
			Butane releases its [[chemical energy]] by undergoing [[hydrocarbon combustion]]. Below is a [[hydrocarbon combustion]] animation showing the net reaction that occurs when butane combines with [[oxygen]].

			<!--T:8-->
			<center> 2 (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) + 13 (O<sub>2</sub>) → 8(CO<sub>2</sub>) + 10(H<sub>2</sub>O) + Heat Energy ([[Enthalpy]]) </center>

			<!--T:9-->
			<html><iframe src='https://energyeducation.ca/simulations/combustion/combustion_butane.html' width='900px' height='330px' style='border:none;position:relative;left:-35px'></iframe></html>

			<!--T:10-->
			The [[hydrocarbon combustion]] reaction releases [[heat]] [[energy]] and is an example of an [[exothermic reaction]]. The reaction also has a negative [[enthalpy]] change (ΔH) value.

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Chemical Energy]]
			*[[Chemical bond]]
			*[[Combustion]]
			*[[Primary energy]]
			*[[Energy conversion technology]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
			</translate>
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]
			<languages />

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:30:52Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:30, 26 August 2015
(No difference)

J.williams at 16:51, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:51:35Z

New page

[[category:fuels]]
[[Category:Done 2015-06-01]]
[[File:256px-Butane_torch.jpg|right|framed|Figure 1. A butane torch for kitchen use (specifically for [http://www.ricardocuisine.com/recipes/4016-creme-brulee crème brûlée]).<ref name=book1> [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons accessed 1/29/2015.</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Butane''' is a [[hydrocarbon]] that can be burned as a [[fuel]]. It's chemical formula is C4H10.</onlyinclude> It is often one of the components of [[natural gas]].<ref>Center for Energy Economics. (2015). ''Composition of Natural Gas and LNG'' [Online]. Available: http://www.beg.utexas.edu/energyecon/lng/LNG_introduction_07.php [February 16, 2015].</ref> Butane is commonly mixed with [[propane]] in camping fuel in order to maintain higher [[pressure]]s at low [[temperature]]s.<ref name=book1>MSR.(2014). ''MSR ISOPRO - Performance Boosting Fuel for your Canister Stove'' [Online]. Available: http://www.cascadedesigns.com/msr/stoves/stove-accessories/msr-isopro/product [February 16, 2015].</ref> Butane is also one of the key ingredients in lighter fluid and is commonly used in cigarette lighters, portable stoves and butane torches (see figure 1).

Like all hydrocarbons, butane undergoes [[hydrocarbon combustion]] when used as fuel.
   

==Properties==

[[File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png|thumb|300px|Figure 2. Space filling model of butane, the white is [[hydrogen]] and the black is [[carbon]].<ref>"Butane-3D-space-filling". Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png#mediaviewer/File:Butane-3D-space-filling.png</ref>]]
Below is a table of some of the basic properties of butane.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Formula || C4H10
|-
| [[Molar mass]] || 58.12 [[kilogram|grams]]/[[mole]]
|-
| [[Energy density]] || 49.5 MJ/kg<ref>Glenn Elert. (2015). ''The Physics Hypertextbook - Chemical Potential Energy'' [Online]. Available: http://physics.info/energy-chemical/ [February 16, 2015].</ref>
|-
| Melting Point || -138oC<ref name =elmhurst>Charles E. Ophardt. (2003). ''Virtual Chembook - Hydrocarbon Boiling Points'' [Online]. Available: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/501hcboilingpts.html [February 16,2015].</ref>
|-
| Boiling Point || -0.5oC<ref name =elmhurst/>
|}

==Combustion Animation==
Butane is used as a combustible fuel. Below is an animation showing the net reaction that occurs during the [[hydrocarbon combustion]] of butane.
<html><iframe src='http://energyeducation.ca/simulations/combustion/combustion_butane.html' width='900px' height='330px' style='border:none;position:relative;left:-35px'></iframe></html>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]