Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2021-10-15T19:13:33Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 19:13, 15 October 2021
(No difference)

energy>Jmdonev at 22:34, 25 May 2021

2021-05-25T22:34:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:34, 25 May 2021
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-07-01]]		[[Category:Done 2021-01-31]]
	[[File:Sucrose_molecule_3d_model_resized.png\|frame\|right\|Figure 1. A model of Sucrose, one of the simplest and most commonly found carbohydrates.<ref> Akane700. (2006).''Sucrose Molecule 3D Model''[Online]. Available:http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose#/media/File:Sucrose_molecule_3d_model.png</ref> The black spheres represent carbon, the red oxygen and the white are hydrogen.]]		[[File:Sucrose_molecule_3d_model_resized.png\|frame\|right\|Figure 1. A model of Sucrose, one of the simplest and most commonly found carbohydrates.<ref> Akane700. (2006).''Sucrose Molecule 3D Model''[Online]. Available:http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose#/media/File:Sucrose_molecule_3d_model.png</ref> The black spheres represent carbon, the red oxygen and the white are hydrogen.]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Carbohydrates''' are [[molecule]]s made of [[carbon]], [[oxygen]], and [[hydrogen]].</onlyinclude><ref name = Davis> (2015, Jan. 7). ''ChemWiki: The Dynamic Chemistry e-Textbook'' [Online]. Available: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Biological_Chemistry/Carbohydrates/Carbohydrates</ref> As are all carbon-containing molecules, carbohydrates are [[organic molecule]]s. Carbohydrates are usually made initially from [[photosynthesis]], which is the process plants use to take in [[carbon dioxide]], and is one of the most important ways of getting carbon dioxide out of the [[atmosphere]] (although not the only way). The [[chemical reaction]] to form carbohydrates takes some number of carbon dioxide molecules, adds the same number of water molecules, and makes a sugar with a chain of carbon atoms:<ref name = "Davis"/>

	~~n CO~~<~~sub~~>2</~~sub~~> ~~+ n H~~<~~sub~~>2</~~sub~~>~~O <m>\rightarrow~~</m> C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub>O<sub>n</sub>		<onlyinclude>'''Carbohydrates''' are [[organic molecule]]s made of [[carbon]], [[oxygen]], and [[hydrogen]]. Carbohydrates are found in all living [[organism]]s. They undergo metabolic reactions that provide [[energy]] to keep bodies functioning to sustain life.<ref>“Carbohydrates.” August 10, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://chem.libretexts.org/@go/page/377.</ref><ref name="RE1"> ''Chemistry,'' Rice University, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://web.ung.edu/media/Chemistry2/Chemistry-LR.pdf</ref></onlyinclude> The smaller carbohydrates are generally referred to as “sugars". Carbohydrates are initially made from [[photosynthesis]], which is the process plants use to take in [[carbon dioxide]], and is one of the most important ways of getting carbon dioxide out of the [[atmosphere]] (although not the only way). The name “carbohydrate” comes from the formula of the molecules, which can be described by the general formula C<sub>n</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>n</sub>. This formula shows that they are in a sense “carbon and water” or “hydrates of carbon.” In many cases, the number of carbon atoms and water molecules will have the same value (n), but they can be different.<ref name="RE1"/> The [[chemical reaction]] to form carbohydrates takes some number of [[carbon dioxide]] [[molecule]]s, adds the same number of water molecules, and makes a sugar with a chain of carbon atoms:<ref name=libre>“Carbohydrates.” September 12, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://chem.libretexts.org/@go/page/5628.</ref>
			<center>
			<math> n CO_2 + n H_2O + Energy \rightarrow C_nH_{2n}O_n + n O_2</math>
			</center>
			Carbohydrates usually have a ratio of two hydrogen for one oxygen (just like [[water]]) along with the same number of oxygen [[atom]]s and carbon atoms.<ref name=libre/> Many molecules that give [[energy]] to living organisms get that energy from some sort of carbohydrate like sugars, starch, or [[cellulose]]. Overall, carbohydrates store energy, provide structural support, and have a variety of other biological functions.<ref name="RE1"/>

	The word comes from roots that mean 'watered carbon'. Carbohydrates usually have a ratio of two hydrogen for one oxygen (just like [[water]]) along with the same number of oxygen [[atom]]s and carbon atoms.<ref name = "Davis"/> Many molecules that give [[energy]] to living organisms get that energy from some sort of carbohydrate, like sugars, starch, or [[cellulose]].<ref> (2015, Jan. 7). ''Carbohydrates'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/organic/carb.html</ref>		For more information about carbohydrates please see UC Davis's [https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Carbohydrates chem wiki].

	For more information about carbohydrates please see UC Davis's [~~http~~://~~chemwiki~~.~~ucdavis~~.~~edu~~/~~Biological_Chemistry~~/~~Carbohydrates~~/Carbohydrates chem wiki].

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Chemical bond]]
			*[[Chemical reaction]]
			*[[Chemical energy]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:30:53Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:30, 26 August 2015
(No difference)

J.williams at 16:51, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:51:38Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-07-01]]
[[File:Sucrose_molecule_3d_model_resized.png|frame|right|Figure 1. A model of Sucrose, one of the simplest and most commonly found carbohydrates.<ref> Akane700. (2006).''Sucrose Molecule 3D Model''[Online]. Available:http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose#/media/File:Sucrose_molecule_3d_model.png</ref> The black spheres represent carbon, the red oxygen and the white are hydrogen.]]
<onlyinclude>'''Carbohydrates''' are [[molecule]]s made of [[carbon]], [[oxygen]], and [[hydrogen]].</onlyinclude><ref name = Davis> (2015, Jan. 7). ''ChemWiki: The Dynamic Chemistry e-Textbook'' [Online]. Available: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Biological_Chemistry/Carbohydrates/Carbohydrates</ref> As are all carbon-containing molecules, carbohydrates are [[organic molecule]]s. Carbohydrates are usually made initially from [[photosynthesis]], which is the process plants use to take in [[carbon dioxide]], and is one of the most important ways of getting carbon dioxide out of the [[atmosphere]] (although not the only way). The [[chemical reaction]] to form carbohydrates takes some number of carbon dioxide molecules, adds the same number of water molecules, and makes a sugar with a chain of carbon atoms:<ref name = "Davis"/>

n CO2 + n H2O <m>\rightarrow</m> CnH2nOn

The word comes from roots that mean 'watered carbon'. Carbohydrates usually have a ratio of two hydrogen for one oxygen (just like [[water]]) along with the same number of oxygen [[atom]]s and carbon atoms.<ref name = "Davis"/> Many molecules that give [[energy]] to living organisms get that energy from some sort of carbohydrate, like sugars, starch, or [[cellulose]].<ref> (2015, Jan. 7). ''Carbohydrates'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/organic/carb.html</ref>

For more information about carbohydrates please see UC Davis's [http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Biological_Chemistry/Carbohydrates/Carbohydrates chem wiki].

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]

Carbohydrate - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

energy>Jmdonev at 22:34, 25 May 2021

J.williams: 1 revision imported

J.williams at 16:51, 12 August 2015