Climate impacts of oil sands - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-06-25T14:30:33Z

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Jmdonev at 21:56, 21 June 2018

2018-06-21T21:56:04Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-07-24]]		[[Category:Done 2018-06-15]]
	<onlyinclude>The '''climate impacts of oil sands''' are significant, and the [[greenhouse gas]] [[emission]]s for [[oil sands]] extraction and processing are significantly larger than for conventional [[crude oil]].<ref name="RE3">Pembina Institute. (June 19, 2015). ''Climate'' [Online]. Available :http://www.pembina.org/oil-sands/os101/climate</ref></onlyinclude> Using and extracting [[fossil fuel]]s releases [[carbon dioxide]] and other greenhouse gases. There are two main components that make up the total released carbon dioxide, the first being the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> released through the actual [[combustion]] and use of the [[fuel]] (in a vehicle, for example). For oil extracted in traditional methods and [[oil]] extracted from oil sands, this value is the same - 430 [[kilogram]]s per [[barrel]].<ref>US EPA. (July 30, 2015). ''Calculations and References'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/refs.html</ref> Where the difference lies is in the amount of carbon dioxide released through the extraction, [[oil refinery\|refining]], and transport of the oil. Since bitumen from the oil sands is harder to extract and then must be upgraded into [[synthetic crude]]s that can be used, oil sands extraction releases comparatively more carbon dioxide into the [[atmosphere]] than traditional oil extraction.		<onlyinclude>The '''climate impacts of oil sands''' are significant, and the [[greenhouse gas]] [[emission]]s for [[oil sands]] extraction and processing are significantly larger than for conventional [[crude oil]].<ref name="RE3">Pembina Institute. (June 19, 2015). ''Climate'' [Online]. Available :http://www.pembina.org/oil-sands/os101/climate</ref></onlyinclude> Using and extracting [[fossil fuel]]s releases [[carbon dioxide]] and other greenhouse gases. There are two main components that make up the total released carbon dioxide, the first being the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> released through the actual [[combustion]] and use of the [[fuel]] (in a vehicle, for example). For oil extracted in traditional methods and [[oil]] extracted from oil sands, this value is the same - 430 [[kilogram]]s per [[barrel]].<ref>US EPA. (July 30, 2015). ''Calculations and References'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/refs.html</ref> Where the difference lies is in the amount of carbon dioxide released through the extraction, [[oil refinery\|refining]], and transport of the oil. Since bitumen from the oil sands is harder to extract and then must be upgraded into [[synthetic crude]]s that can be used, oil sands extraction releases comparatively more carbon dioxide into the [[atmosphere]] than traditional oil extraction.

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	The graph below can be used to see the difference in emissions from synthetic crude oil and conventional crude oil. Although overall emissions are higher per barrel of synthetic crude oil from the oil sands, the largest portion of the emissions comes from the combustion and this value is the same for combustion of synthetic crude oil or traditional crude oil.		The graph below can be used to see the difference in emissions from synthetic crude oil and conventional crude oil. Although overall emissions are higher per barrel of synthetic crude oil from the oil sands, the largest portion of the emissions comes from the combustion and this value is the same for combustion of synthetic crude oil or traditional crude oil.

	<html><iframe src='~~http~~://energyeducation.ca/simulations/graphs/crudeco2.html' style='border:none;height:550px;width:770px;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'></iframe></html>		<html><iframe src='https://energyeducation.ca/simulations/graphs/crudeco2.html' style='border:none;height:550px;width:770px;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'></iframe></html>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:30:50Z

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J.williams at 16:49, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:49:14Z

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[[Category:Done 2015-07-24]]
<onlyinclude>The '''climate impacts of oil sands''' are significant, and the [[greenhouse gas]] [[emission]]s for [[oil sands]] extraction and processing are significantly larger than for conventional [[crude oil]].<ref name="RE3">Pembina Institute. (June 19, 2015). ''Climate'' [Online]. Available :http://www.pembina.org/oil-sands/os101/climate</ref></onlyinclude> Using and extracting [[fossil fuel]]s releases [[carbon dioxide]] and other greenhouse gases. There are two main components that make up the total released carbon dioxide, the first being the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> released through the actual [[combustion]] and use of the [[fuel]] (in a vehicle, for example). For oil extracted in traditional methods and [[oil]] extracted from oil sands, this value is the same - 430 [[kilogram]]s per [[barrel]].<ref>US EPA. (July 30, 2015). ''Calculations and References'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/refs.html</ref> Where the difference lies is in the amount of carbon dioxide released through the extraction, [[oil refinery|refining]], and transport of the oil. Since bitumen from the oil sands is harder to extract and then must be upgraded into [[synthetic crude]]s that can be used, oil sands extraction releases comparatively more carbon dioxide into the [[atmosphere]] than traditional oil extraction.

In total, the production of a single barrel of synthetic crude oil from the oil sands releases around 134 [[kilogram]]s of carbon dioxide.<ref name=netl>National Energy Technology Laboratory. (July 3, 2015). ''An Evaluation of the Extraction, Transport and Refining of Imported Crude Oils and the Impact on Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions'' [Online]. Available: http://www.netl.doe.gov/File%20Library/Research/Energy%20Analysis/Publications/DOE-NETL-2009-1362-EvalExtTransRef-ImportCrudeOils-ImpactLCGHGEmis.pdf</ref> In contrast to these large emission values, average emissions per barrel of conventional crude oil are 35.2 kilograms of carbon dioxide in Canada and 24.5 kilograms in the US.<ref name="RE3"/> The core difference in these emissions is a result of the extra upgrading that must be done to the crude bitumen extracted from the ground to obtain synthetic crude oils, a type of fuel that is "on par" with traditional crude oil. This upgrading process is [[energy]]-intensive. The released emissions including carbon dioxide contribute negatively to the effects of [[climate change]] and contribute to [[global warming]] overall, and contribute a more significant amount of these greenhouse gases than conventional oil does.

The graph below can be used to see the difference in emissions from synthetic crude oil and conventional crude oil. Although overall emissions are higher per barrel of synthetic crude oil from the oil sands, the largest portion of the emissions comes from the combustion and this value is the same for combustion of synthetic crude oil or traditional crude oil.

<html><iframe src='http://energyeducation.ca/simulations/graphs/crudeco2.html' style='border:none;height:550px;width:770px;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'></iframe></html>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]