Coal - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2021-09-27T00:02:41Z

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 16:41, 13 September 2021

2021-09-13T16:41:59Z

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	~~[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]~~
	[[category:Data Visualization]]		[[category:Data Visualization]]
	[[category:371 second midterm]]		[[category:371 second midterm]]
			[[Category:Done 2021-01-31]]
			[[Category:Translated to Spanish]]
			[[es:Carbón]]
			[[Category:Translated to French]]
			[[fr:Charbon]]
	[[File:640px-Anthracite_Coal.jpg\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. A lump of anthracite, the highest grade of coal.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (May 13, 2015). ''Anthracite Coal'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthracite_Coal.JPG </ref>]]		[[File:640px-Anthracite_Coal.jpg\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. A lump of anthracite, the highest grade of coal.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (May 13, 2015). ''Anthracite Coal'' [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthracite_Coal.JPG </ref>]]

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	<html>		<html>
	<iframe height='525px' width='785px' style='border:1px solid #cccccc' src='https://energyeducation.ca/simulations/dsplfinal.html?coal_consumption'></iframe></html>		<iframe height='525px' width='785px' style='border:1px solid #cccccc' src='https://energyeducation.ca/simulations/dsplfinal.html?coal_consumption'></iframe></html>

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Coal fired power plant]]
			*[[Coal types]]
			*[[Carbon cycle]]
			*[[World electricity generation]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2020-04-28T15:32:45Z

1 revision imported

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energy>Jmdonev at 18:36, 21 April 2020

2020-04-21T18:36:33Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2018~~-06-15]]		[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]
	[[category:Data Visualization]]		[[category:Data Visualization]]
	[[category:371 second midterm]]		[[category:371 second midterm]]
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	==Coal mining==		==Coal mining==
	:''[[coal mining\|main article]]''		:''[[coal mining\|main article]]''

Jmdonev at 21:00, 24 February 2019

2019-02-24T21:00:29Z

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	*'''Strip mining:''' This method allows for the extraction of 60% of the worlds coal in the present time. A thin upper layer of rock (usually just a few 10's of [[meter]]s) is removed to expose coal reservoirs 50-100 meters thick. These reservoirs of coal are referred to as [[coal seam]]s. One of the world's largest coal seams is in Wyoming, in the Powder River Basin.		*'''Strip mining:''' This method allows for the extraction of 60% of the worlds coal in the present time. A thin upper layer of rock (usually just a few 10's of [[meter]]s) is removed to expose coal reservoirs 50-100 meters thick. These reservoirs of coal are referred to as [[coal seam]]s. One of the world's largest coal seams is in Wyoming, in the Powder River Basin.
	*'''Mountain top mining:''' This method is used in the Appalachian mountains of the eastern United States. The top ~~1000~~ or so ~~feet~~ of a coal containing mountain is removed via explosives to expose coal reservoirs 50-100 meters thick. Once the coal is extracted the excess rubble is deposited in nearby valleys. <br />		*'''Mountain top mining:''' This method is used in the Appalachian mountains of the eastern United States. The top 300 or so meters of a coal containing mountain is removed via explosives to expose coal reservoirs 50-100 meters thick. Once the coal is extracted the excess rubble is deposited in nearby valleys. <br />
	[[Coal mining]] presents serious health risks to the miners directly involved. These risks include black lung and coal worker's pneumoconiosis disease, which are caused by long term exposure to coal dust. Aside from human health effects, coal mining presents serious consequences for the [[environmental impact\|environment]]. The burial of streams, alterations to natural water flows, water pollution, additional erosion, and acid run-offs to surface waters are just some of the potential effects. In 1977 the United States Surface mining control and reclamation act was put into action, it mandates that strip mined land must be returned to it`s original biotic productivity.		[[Coal mining]] presents serious health risks to the miners directly involved. These risks include black lung and coal worker's pneumoconiosis disease, which are caused by long term exposure to coal dust. Aside from human health effects, coal mining presents serious consequences for the [[environmental impact\|environment]]. The burial of streams, alterations to natural water flows, water pollution, additional erosion, and acid run-offs to surface waters are just some of the potential effects. In 1977 the United States Surface mining control and reclamation act was put into action, it mandates that strip mined land must be returned to it`s original biotic productivity.

Jmdonev at 20:59, 24 February 2019

2019-02-24T20:59:00Z

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	The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.		The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.
	<center>		<center>
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>

Jmdonev at 20:58, 24 February 2019

2019-02-24T20:58:09Z

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	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>
	\|-		\|-
	\| Anthracite\|\|31~~.38~~-36~~.261~~		\| Anthracite\|\|31 - 36
	\|-		\|-
	\| Bituminous\|\|25~~.569~~ - ~~34.867~~		\| Bituminous\|\|25 - 35
	\|-		\|-
	\| Sub-bituminous\|\|19~~.293~~ - 30~~.218~~		\| Sub-bituminous\|\|19 - 30
	\|-		\|-
	\| Lignite\|\|12~~.784~~ - ~~19.293~~		\| Lignite\|\|12 - 20
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

Jmdonev at 20:57, 24 February 2019

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	\| Lignite\|\|12.784 - 19.293		\| Lignite\|\|12.784 - 19.293
	\|-		\|-
	\|
	\|}		\|}
	</center>		</center>

Jmdonev at 20:56, 24 February 2019

2019-02-24T20:56:50Z

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	The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.		The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.
	<center>		<center>
	{\| ~~{{table}}~~		{\| class="wikitable"
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-06-25T14:30:32Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:59, 24 February 2019
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	The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.		The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.
	<center>		<center>
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:56, 24 February 2019
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	The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.		The ultimate energy source of coal is the [[sun]] because the energy stored within dead plant matter is what yields coal.<ref name=wolfson/> Coal is [[hydrocarbon combustion\|burned]] in the presence of [[atmospheric oxygen]]. This increased [[temperature]] allows a [[chemical reaction]] between the fuel (carbon in the coal) and the oxygen in the atmosphere to occur which forms [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>). Since coal also contains hydrogen atoms the combustion will form some [[water vapour]] as a product (H<sub>2</sub>O). The production of CO<sub>2</sub> is leading to [[climate change]], however it is the production of CO<sub>2</sub> that makes coal such a useful fuel. CO<sub>2</sub> represents the lowest possible energy state of a carbon atom in Earth's oxygen containing atmosphere, therefore the transition from the fuel (carbon in coal) and atmospheric oxygen into CO<sub>2</sub> allows for the maximal amount of energy to be extracted from the fuel. The energy content of coal varies along with its maturity (older is better), as seen in the table below anthracite has the highest energy content of all the coal types.
	<center>		<center>
	{\| ~~{{table}}~~		{\| class="wikitable"
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Type of coal'''
	\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>		\| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"\|'''Energy content (MJ/Kg)'''<ref name=geo/>