Crossflow turbine - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

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energy>Jmdonev at 17:10, 10 April 2020

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 10 April 2020
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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-09-05]]		[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]
	[[File:Ossberger_turbine_runner.jpg\|360px\|thumb\|Figure 1. A crossflow turbine.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (August 25, 2015). ''Ossberger Turbine'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Ossberger_turbine_runner.jpg</ref>]]		[[File:Ossberger_turbine_runner.jpg\|360px\|thumb\|Figure 1. A crossflow turbine.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (August 25, 2015). ''Ossberger Turbine'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Ossberger_turbine_runner.jpg</ref>]]

	<onlyinclude>'''Crossflow turbines''', sometimes known as '''Mitchell~~-Banki~~''' or '''Ossberger turbines''' are a type of [[hydro turbine\|turbine]] that tends to be used in smaller [[hydroelectric facility\|hydroelectric sites]] with [[power]] outputs between 5-100 [[watt\|kW]]. These turbines are useful for a large range of [[hydraulic head]]s, from only 1.75 [[meter]]s to 200 meters, although usually crossflow turbines are chosen for heads below 40 meters.</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Renewables First. (August 26, 2015). ''Crossflow Turbines'' [Online]. Available: https://www.renewablesfirst.co.uk/hydropower/hydropower-learning-centre/crossflow-turbines/</ref>		<onlyinclude>'''Crossflow turbines''', sometimes known as '''Banki-Mitchell''' or '''Ossberger turbines''' (depending on the country) are a type of [[hydro turbine]] (specifically an [[impulse turbine]]) that tends to be used in smaller [[hydroelectric facility\|hydroelectric sites]] with [[power]] outputs between 5-100 [[watt\|kW]]. These turbines are useful for a large range of [[hydraulic head]]s, from only 1.75 [[meter]]s to 200 meters, although usually crossflow turbines are chosen for heads below 40 meters.</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Renewables First. (August 26, 2015). ''Crossflow Turbines'' [Online]. Available: https://www.renewablesfirst.co.uk/hydropower/hydropower-learning-centre/crossflow-turbines/</ref> Crossflow turbines get energy from water by reducing the velocity, the pressure stays the same, which is why they're impulse turbines.

	In addition to being used in smaller hydroelectric facilities, one benefit of these turbines is they require comparatively less complex maintenance to keep them working. Because of this, they are more suitable for use in remote communities.<ref name=boyle>G. Boyle. ``Renewable Energy: Power for a Sustainable Future``, 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2004.</ref> Although useful for a wide range of hydraulic heads and power outputs, generally these turbines are most [[efficiency\|efficient]] for low heads and low power outputs. Other turbines are likely more efficient and useful for large-scale applications.		In addition to being used in smaller hydroelectric facilities, one benefit of these turbines is they require comparatively less complex maintenance to keep them working. Because of this, they are more suitable for use in remote communities.<ref name=boyle>G. Boyle. ``Renewable Energy: Power for a Sustainable Future``, 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2004.</ref> Although useful for a wide range of hydraulic heads and power outputs, generally these turbines are most [[efficiency\|efficient]] for low heads and low power outputs. Other turbines are likely more efficient and useful for large-scale applications.
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	Since this type of turbine uses water jets that create an impulse on the turbine, the crossflow turbine is a type of [[impulse]] turbine, similar to the Pelton turbine.		Since this type of turbine uses water jets that create an impulse on the turbine, the crossflow turbine is a type of [[impulse]] turbine, similar to the Pelton turbine.

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Francis turbine]]
			*[[Kaplan turbine]]
			*[[Turgo turbine]]
			*[[Pelton turbine]]
			*[[Hydroelectric facility]]
			*[[Hydroelectric dam]]
			*[[Primary energy]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-03T18:22:23Z

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Jmdonev at 22:29, 27 August 2015

2015-08-27T22:29:59Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-09-05]]
[[File:Ossberger_turbine_runner.jpg|360px|thumb|Figure 1. A crossflow turbine.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (August 25, 2015). ''Ossberger Turbine'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Ossberger_turbine_runner.jpg</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Crossflow turbines''', sometimes known as '''Mitchell-Banki''' or '''Ossberger turbines''' are a type of [[hydro turbine|turbine]] that tends to be used in smaller [[hydroelectric facility|hydroelectric sites]] with [[power]] outputs between 5-100 [[watt|kW]]. These turbines are useful for a large range of [[hydraulic head]]s, from only 1.75 [[meter]]s to 200 meters, although usually crossflow turbines are chosen for heads below 40 meters.</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Renewables First. (August 26, 2015). ''Crossflow Turbines'' [Online]. Available: https://www.renewablesfirst.co.uk/hydropower/hydropower-learning-centre/crossflow-turbines/</ref>

In addition to being used in smaller hydroelectric facilities, one benefit of these turbines is they require comparatively less complex maintenance to keep them working. Because of this, they are more suitable for use in remote communities.<ref name=boyle>G. Boyle. ``Renewable Energy: Power for a Sustainable Future``, 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2004.</ref> Although useful for a wide range of hydraulic heads and power outputs, generally these turbines are most [[efficiency|efficient]] for low heads and low power outputs. Other turbines are likely more efficient and useful for large-scale applications.

==Design==
A crossflow turbine is designed using a large cylindrical mechanism composed of a central rotor surrounded by a "cage" of blades arranged into a [[water wheel]] shape. These blades are generally sharpened to increase the efficiency of the turbine by reducing the [[resistance]] to [[water]] flow. Water is directed onto the turbine through a nozzle that creates a flat sheet of water, and then is directed onto the blades using a guide vane. Water first hits the blades and moves to the inside of the turbine, with the water hitting the blades one more time as the water exits the center of the turbine.<ref name="RE1"/>

==Operation==
In this type of turbine, water enters as a flat sheet instead of a round jet - as is the case in [[Pelton turbine]]s. The sheet of water is guided onto the blades of the turbine by an inlet guide vane, ensuring that the water hits the blades at the proper angle to maximize efficiency.<ref name="RE1"/> The water flows over the blades creating a [[torque]] on these blades. After hitting the blades, the sheet of water moves through the turbine and hits the blades once more as it leaves, producing more torque.<ref name=boyle/> The first impact the water has with the blades produces more power than the second hit.

Since this type of turbine uses water jets that create an impulse on the turbine, the crossflow turbine is a type of [[impulse]] turbine, similar to the Pelton turbine.

==References==
{{reflist}}