Embodied energy - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-09-03T22:23:44Z

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energy>Jmdonev at 21:36, 26 August 2018

2018-08-26T21:36:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 26 August 2018
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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-09-06]]		[[Category:Done 2018-08-03]]
	[[File:smartphone.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|Figure 1. It takes about 1 gigajoule of energy (1 billion [[joule]]s) to build a typical smartphone - known as the phone's embodied energy.<ref>Pexels [Online], Available: https://www.pexels.com/photo/hand-apple-iphone-smartphone-3510/</ref>]]		[[File:smartphone.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|Figure 1. It takes about 1 gigajoule of energy (1 billion [[joule]]s) to build a typical smartphone - known as the phone's embodied energy.<ref>Pexels [Online], Available: https://www.pexels.com/photo/hand-apple-iphone-smartphone-3510/</ref>]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Embodied energy''' is the [[energy]] that is consumed in order to build a given usable object. This includes the energy from material extraction, refining, processing, transporting, and fabricating.</onlyinclude><ref name=ce>Circular Ecology. (Accessed September 12, 2015). ''Embodied energy and carbon'' [Online], Available: http://www.circularecology.com/embodied-energy-and-carbon-footprint-database.html#.VfSnOPlVikp</ref> It is named as such because it is as if this energy is "embodied" within the item itself. Embodied energy also comes along with idea of [[embodied carbon]], which is the associated [[CO2 footprint\|CO<sub>2</sub> footprint]] that is emitted during the object's creation.		<onlyinclude>'''Embodied energy''' is the [[energy]] that is consumed in order to build a given usable object. This includes the energy from material extraction, refining, processing, transporting, and fabricating.</onlyinclude><ref name=ce>Circular Ecology. (Accessed September 12, 2015). ''Embodied energy and carbon'' [Online], Available: http://www.circularecology.com/embodied-energy-and-carbon-footprint-database.html#.VfSnOPlVikp</ref> It is named as such because it is as if this energy is "embodied" within the item itself. Embodied energy also comes along with idea of [[embodied carbon]], which is the associated [[CO2 footprint\|CO<sub>2</sub> footprint]] that is emitted during the object's creation.
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	\| Gold \|\| 310,000		\| Gold \|\| 310,000
	\|}		\|}

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Industrial energy use]]
			*[[Metal]]
			*[[Steel]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]


	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

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Jmdonev at 18:33, 17 September 2015

2015-09-17T18:33:13Z

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[[Category:Done 2015-09-06]]
[[File:smartphone.jpg|300px|thumb|Figure 1. It takes about 1 gigajoule of energy (1 billion [[joule]]s) to build a typical smartphone - known as the phone's embodied energy.<ref>Pexels [Online], Available: https://www.pexels.com/photo/hand-apple-iphone-smartphone-3510/</ref>]]
<onlyinclude>'''Embodied energy''' is the [[energy]] that is consumed in order to build a given usable object. This includes the energy from material extraction, refining, processing, transporting, and fabricating.</onlyinclude><ref name=ce>Circular Ecology. (Accessed September 12, 2015). ''Embodied energy and carbon'' [Online], Available: http://www.circularecology.com/embodied-energy-and-carbon-footprint-database.html#.VfSnOPlVikp</ref> It is named as such because it is as if this energy is "embodied" within the item itself. Embodied energy also comes along with idea of [[embodied carbon]], which is the associated [[CO2 footprint|CO<sub>2</sub> footprint]] that is emitted during the object's creation.

Embodied energy is found within all types of objects, including things like [[cell phone]]s, [[appliance]]s, homes, buildings, and furniture. The embodied energy of a given object can be analyzed by knowing what materials are contained within an object, and how much of that given material there is. The amount of energy needed to produce a certain material such as [[aluminum]], [[steel]], or [[concrete]] is known and can be used to calculate the embodied energy within an item.<ref name=unep>UNEP. (August 19, 2015). ''Environmental Risks and Challenges of Anthropogenic Metals Flows and Cycles'' [Online]. Available: https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/metals/3_Environmental_Challenges_Metals-Full%20Report_36dpi_130923.pdf#96</ref>

==Embodied Energy of Objects==

The idea of embodied energy is important to help analyze the [[energy saving]]s of a particular object. For example, if a proposed [[wind turbine]] is promised to be more [[efficiency|energy efficient]] in its operation but requires tremendous amounts of energy in its materials and assembly, it might not be worth the effort. From this knowledge of an object's embodied energy, the [[environmental impact]] associated with it may also be estimated.

The embodied energy within a given raw material is typically measured in an "energy per unit mass" scale, such as [[joule|megajoules]] per [[kilogram|kilogram]]. For the table below the values are an aggregate of all of the energy within the objects, so there is no mass unit included, rather it is the amount of energy in the entire object.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Item !! Embodied energy ([[megajoule|MJ]]/functional unit)<ref>N. Duque Ciceri, T.G. Gutowski, and M. Garetti. (Accessed September 13, 2015). ''A Tool to Estimate Materials and Manufacturing Energy for a Product'' [Online], Available: http://web.mit.edu/ebm/www/Publications/9_Paper.pdf</ref><ref>B. Raghavan and J. Ma at UC Berkeley. (Accessed September 13, 2015). ''The Energy and Emergy of the Internet'' [Online], Available: http://conferences.sigcomm.org/hotnets/2011/papers/hotnetsX-final56.pdf</ref>
|-
| Hair dryer || 79
|-
| Coffee maker || 184
|-
| LCD monitor || 963
|-
| Smartphone || 1,000
|-
| PC tower || 2,085
|-
| Washing machine || 3,900
|-
| Laptop || 4,500
|-
| Refrigerator || 5,900
|-
| Digital copier || 7,924
|-
| Cell tower || 100,000
|}

===Raw materials===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Item !! Embodied energy ([[megajoule|MJ]]/[[kilogram|kg]])<ref name=unep/>
|-
| [[Cadmium]] || 17
|-
| Iron || 20-25
|-
| [[Lead]] || 25-50
|-
| [[Copper]] || 30-90
|-
| [[Mercury (element)|Mercury (liquid)]] || 90-180
|-
| [[Nickel]] || 180-200
|-
| [[Aluminum]] || 190-230
|-
| Magnesium || 270-350
|-
| [[Silicon]] (electronics-grade) || 1,000-1,500
|-
| Silver || 1,500
|-
| Zirconium || 1,600
|-
| Platinum || 190,000
|-
| Gold || 310,000
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}