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J.williams at 18:50, 24 August 2015

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[[File:Four batteries comparison.gif|300px|thumbnail|right|Figure 1. Comparison of energy densities of four common battery types.<ref>B. J. Landi et al., “Carbon nanotubes for lithium ion batteries,” ''Energy Environ. Sci.'', vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 638-654, Mar. 2009. </ref> ]]

<onlyinclude>'''Energy density of storage devices''' is of great consideration when deciding which [[energy storage|storage device]] to use for a given scenario. If a storage device has a larger [[energy density]] than another, this means that it can be smaller and/or weigh less while containing the same amount of [[energy]].</onlyinclude> Considering this, small technology devices like [[cell phone]]s would want a [[battery]] with a high energy density, since it must be lightweight and compact. However a car can sacrifice an increase of [[mass]] and use a lower energy density battery, since the mass of its battery is not that large compared to its other components.

An energy storage device can be used either as the energy supply for a system or as a unit to store energy from a [[generator]]. For example, a lead-acid [[battery]] can provide electrical power for a motor vehicle while a Lithium ion battery can be used to store energy for a cell phone. Compared to [[fuel]]s, energy storage has the advantage of being able to recharge its energy without the need to add more materials to its system. For a visual comparison, the energy densities of the batteries are displayed in Figure 1.

It is more useful for an energy storage device to have a high energy density. This means the device will be able to supply energy over a longer period of time, which is optimal for portable electronics or vehicles.<ref name = r9>J. Marcus. (2012, March, 15). ''Researchers develop graphene supercapacitor holding promise for portable electronics'' <nowiki>[Online]</nowiki>. Available: http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/ucla-researchers-develop-new-graphene-230478.aspx</ref> However, if a storage device has a large energy density, then the [[power density]] is usually compromised.<ref name = r3>Uni. South Carolina. (2003, October). ''Description of Energy and Power'' [Online]. Available: http://www.che.sc.edu/centers/RCS/desc_e_and_p.htm </ref> (see: [[#Energy density vs. power density| Energy density vs. power density]])
<center>
{| class="wikitable" style="caption-side: bottom"
|-
! Energy Storage !! Reaction Type !! Energy Density<br />(Wh/kg) !! Typical Uses
|-
| Lead-Acid battery || Electrochemical || 30-50 || Automobile Electronics
|-
| Nickel-Cadmium battery || Electrochemical || 45-80 || Portable electronics, Electric Vehicles
|-
| Nickel-metal hydride battery || Electrochemical || 60-120 || Portable Electronics
|-
| Lithium ion battery || Electrochemical || 110-200 || Computers, Mobile Devices, Electric Vehicles
|-
| Electric Double Layer Capacitor || Electrical || 1-150 <ref> F. Zhang et al., “Hybrid graphene electrodes for supercapacitors of high energy density,” ''Chem. Phys. Lett.,'' vol. 584, pp. 124–129, Oct. 2013</ref> || Electronic circuits, <br /> regenerative braking
|+ Table 1. Energy density of some common energy storage devices and their typical uses.
|}
</center>

==References==
{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]

Energy density of storage devices - Revision history

J.williams: 1 revision imported

J.williams at 18:50, 24 August 2015