Habitat range change - Revision history

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	[[File:melting_bears.jpg\|300px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1: Mother polar bear and her cubs adrift on a piece of sea ice. As temperatures are rising, arctic ice is melting forcing these animals to change their feeding patters and their habitats.<ref>WCRP. Melting Ice and Global Consequences. Available: http://wcrp-climate.org/grand-challenges/gc-melting-ice-global-consequences</ref>]]		[[File:melting_bears.jpg\|300px\|thumbnail\|Figure 1: Mother polar bear and her cubs adrift on a piece of sea ice. As temperatures are rising, arctic ice is melting forcing these animals to change their feeding patters and their habitats.<ref>WCRP. Melting Ice and Global Consequences. Available: http://wcrp-climate.org/grand-challenges/gc-melting-ice-global-consequences</ref>]]

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	The Nature Conservancy has an [http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16\| animated map] showing the future of species migration.<ref>Lawler, JJ, et al. 2013. Projected climate-driven faunal movement routes. Ecology Letters 16(8): 1014-1022. McGuire, JL, et al. 2016. Achieving climate connectivity in a fragmented landscape. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 113: 7195-7200. Available:http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16</ref>		The Nature Conservancy has an [http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16\| animated map] showing the future of species migration.<ref>Lawler, JJ, et al. 2013. Projected climate-driven faunal movement routes. Ecology Letters 16(8): 1014-1022. McGuire, JL, et al. 2016. Achieving climate connectivity in a fragmented landscape. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 113: 7195-7200. Available:http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16</ref>

	~~<html><iframe src="~~http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16~~" width="800" height="500" scrolling="no"></iframe></html>~~		[[File:migration_map.png\|800px\|center\|thumb\|framed\|Figure 2. The map above shows a snapshot of the [http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16\|Nature Conservancy animated map]. The lines shows how species are changing where they live with time, in this case largely northward.]]

	== For Further Reading ==		== For Further Reading ==
	For further information please see the related pages below:		For further information please see the related pages below:

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
			[[Category: Uploaded]]

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Jmdonev: /* For Further Reading */

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For Further Reading

New page

[[Category:Done 2018-05-18]]
[[File:melting_bears.jpg|300px|thumbnail|Figure 1: Mother polar bear and her cubs adrift on a piece of sea ice. As temperatures are rising, arctic ice is melting forcing these animals to change their feeding patters and their habitats.<ref>WCRP. Melting Ice and Global Consequences. Available: http://wcrp-climate.org/grand-challenges/gc-melting-ice-global-consequences</ref>]]

[[Climate change]], both [[natural vs anthropogenic climate change| natural or anthropogenic]], has a major implication on [[ecosystem]]s. This includes changing where species (both plant and animal) can live.<onlyinclude> Due to [[global warming| rising temperatures]], changes in [[land use change|land use for agriculture]], [[deforestation]] and other changes to the [[environment]], many species are forced to adapt to the new climate by changing their habitat and [[species migration| migration patterns]].</onlyinclude><ref name=no3>EPA. Ecosystems – Climate Impact on Ecosystems [Online]. Available: https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/impacts/ecosystems.html</ref>

==Cause for Habitat Change==
There are many reasons as to why a specific species may have to change and adapt to a new habitat. [[Global warming]], [[drought]], [[flood|floods]], [[deforestation]] and land use changes are amongst the leading factors. Different species require different [[temperature]]s and altitudes to survive. For example with land species, rising temperatures cause species that favour cooler climates to begin move north. In areas where temperatures are cooling, species that prefer warmer temperatures need to adapt to a different climate as well. This can have implications depending on the species as this new range and can remove vital predators or prey that are crucial to maintaining the [[food chain]] in that area. Similarly with aquatic species, as sea levels rise, freshwater and salt water systems may start mixing thus relocating many organisms.<ref> I.-C. Chen, J. K. Hill, R. Ohlemuller, D. B. Roy, and C. D. Thomas, “Rapid Range Shifts of Species Associated with High Levels of Climate Warming,” Science, vol. 333, no. 6045, pp. 1024–1026, Aug. 2011.</ref>

==North American Species Habitat Changes==
In North America, many animals are already showing signs of habitat range change. Some of which include the polar bear, the pika, waterfowl and many other avian species.<ref> Root, T. L. & Schneider, S. H. in Wildlife Responses to Climate Change: North American Case Studies (eds Schneider, S. H. & Root, T. L.) 1–56 (Island Press, Washington DC, 2002).
</ref><ref name=no3/>
*After spending time in the south, many bird species have been returning north up to two weeks earlier than their normal migratory cycles. Many bird species are also suffering from their loss of habitat from either drought or floods causing them to shift habitats completely. Most species of butterfly are being observed changing their migration timing and also arriving earlier.
*The polar bear in the Hudson Bay area have always survived by living on Arctic sea ice. However with rising temperatures they are slowing starting to starve as sea ice rapidly melts. Polar bears are now forced to begin hunting for their food earlier in the spring and later in the fall resulting in less time to prepare for hibernation.
*The North American pika is a hamster sized mammal that lives on or near mountain peaks particularly in the west. As temperatures rise, they are beginning to move to higher elevations to fit their cool temperature needs.

The Nature Conservancy has an [http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16| animated map] showing the future of species migration.<ref>Lawler, JJ, et al. 2013. Projected climate-driven faunal movement routes. Ecology Letters 16(8): 1014-1022. McGuire, JL, et al. 2016. Achieving climate connectivity in a fragmented landscape. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 113: 7195-7200. Available:http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16</ref>

<html><iframe src="http://maps.tnc.org/migrations-in-motion/#4/44.09/-113.16" width="800" height="500" scrolling="no"></iframe></html>
== For Further Reading ==
For further information please see the related pages below:
*[[Deforestation]]
*[[Drought]]
*[[Flood]]
*[[Glacier]]
*[[Climate change]]
*Or explore a [[Special:Random|random page]]

==References==
{{reflist}}