Hydrogen - Revision history

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 18:27, 10 September 2021

2021-09-10T18:27:24Z

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	[[~~category~~:~~371 topics~~]]		[[Category:Done 2021-01-31]]
	[[Category:~~Done 2016-12-31~~]]		[[Category:Translated to Spanish]]
			[[es:Hidrógeno]]
			[[Category:Translated to French]]
			[[fr:Hydrogène]]
	[[File:HYDROGEN.png\|200px\|thumb\|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]		[[File:HYDROGEN.png\|200px\|thumb\|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]

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	Hydrogen in its [[molecular hydrogen\|molecular form]] (H<sub>2</sub>) is possible to use as a fuel, providing useful energy. While hydrogen is an [[energy currency]], rather than an energy source, it is still considered to be a fuel. It requires "burning" in the presence of [[molecular oxygen]], and this process creates [[heat]] which can be used for [[work]]. The only by-product of this reaction is water and some [[NOx\|nitrogen oxides]].<ref name=fuel>CHFCA, ''What is Hydrogen?'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/education-centre/what-is-hydrogen/</ref>		Hydrogen in its [[molecular hydrogen\|molecular form]] (H<sub>2</sub>) is possible to use as a fuel, providing useful energy. While hydrogen is an [[energy currency]], rather than an energy source, it is still considered to be a fuel. It requires "burning" in the presence of [[molecular oxygen]], and this process creates [[heat]] which can be used for [[work]]. The only by-product of this reaction is water and some [[NOx\|nitrogen oxides]].<ref name=fuel>CHFCA, ''What is Hydrogen?'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/education-centre/what-is-hydrogen/</ref>

	Since hydrogen in this form does not occur naturally on Earth, it must be made by inputting energy. There are many ways of producing hydrogen fuel, such as the process of electrolysis using [[hydroelectricity]], [[solar power]], [[wind power]], and [[nuclear power]].<ref name=fuel/> The global hydrogen industry produces more than 50 million [[tonne]]s of it each year.		Since hydrogen in this form does not occur naturally on Earth, it must be made by inputting energy. There are many ways of producing hydrogen fuel, such as the process of [[electrolysis]] using [[hydroelectricity]], [[solar power]], [[wind power]], and [[nuclear power]].<ref name=fuel/> The global hydrogen industry produces more than 50 million [[tonne]]s of it each year.

	Besides combustion in an engine, hydrogen fuel can also be stored for use in [[fuel cell]]s, so it can be used much like a [[battery]] in which it can convert its energy into [[electricity]]. These are used in cars and buses, with the operation of such vehicles being essentially [[emission]]-free.<ref name=cars>CHFCA. ''Cars and Buses'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/say-h2i/cars-and-buses/</ref> A fuel cell has larger [[energy density]] than [[lithium-ion battery\|lithium-ion batteries]] by [[volume]] and mass, and is also 2 - 3 times more [[efficiency\|efficient]] than traditional [[internal combustion engine]]s.<ref name=cars/>		Besides combustion in an engine, hydrogen fuel can also be stored for use in [[fuel cell]]s, so it can be used much like a [[battery]] in which it can convert its energy into [[electricity]]. These are used in cars and buses, with the operation of such vehicles being essentially [[emission]]-free.<ref name=cars>CHFCA. ''Cars and Buses'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/say-h2i/cars-and-buses/</ref> A fuel cell has larger [[energy density]] than [[lithium-ion battery\|lithium-ion batteries]] by [[volume]] and mass, and is also 2 - 3 times more [[efficiency\|efficient]] than traditional [[internal combustion engine]]s.<ref name=cars/>
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	==Isotopes==		==Isotopes==
	Hydrogen has three ~~main forms~~: Protium, [[Deuterium]], and [[Tritium]]~~. Visit [[isotopes of hydrogen]] to learn more about each~~.		Hydrogen has three relevant [[isotopes of hydrogen\|isotopes]]: Protium, [[Deuterium]], and [[Tritium]].
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
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	<iframe width="816" height="459" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6rdmpx39PRk" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>		<iframe width="816" height="459" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6rdmpx39PRk" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
	</html>		</html>

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Hydrogen as an energy currency]]
			*[[Hydrocarbon]]
			*[[Carbon]]
			*[[Fuel cell]]
			*[[Redox reaction]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2017-01-08T23:36:26Z

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Jmdonev: /* Isotopes */

2016-11-20T20:17:07Z

Isotopes

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	[[File:HYDROGEN.png\|200px\|thumb\|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]		[[File:HYDROGEN.png\|200px\|thumb\|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]

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	\| Tritium \|\| <sup>3</sup>H		\| Tritium \|\| <sup>3</sup>H
	\|}		\|}

			==Video==
			The video below is from the University of Nottingham's [http://www.periodicvideos.com/ periodic videos project].<ref>See more videos from the University of Nottingham on different elements here: http://www.periodicvideos.com/</ref> They have created a complete suite of short videos on every element on the [[periodic table of elements]].

			<html>
			<iframe width="816" height="459" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6rdmpx39PRk" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
			</html>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-18T16:51:34Z

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Jmdonev at 20:55, 3 September 2015

2015-09-03T20:55:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:55, 3 September 2015
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	[[File:HYDROGEN.png\|200px\|thumb\|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]		[[File:HYDROGEN.png\|200px\|thumb\|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]

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	Since hydrogen in this form does not occur naturally on Earth, it must be made by inputting energy. There are many ways of producing hydrogen fuel, such as the process of electrolysis using [[hydroelectricity]], [[solar power]], [[wind power]], and [[nuclear power]].<ref name=fuel/> The global hydrogen industry produces more than 50 million [[tonne]]s of it each year.		Since hydrogen in this form does not occur naturally on Earth, it must be made by inputting energy. There are many ways of producing hydrogen fuel, such as the process of electrolysis using [[hydroelectricity]], [[solar power]], [[wind power]], and [[nuclear power]].<ref name=fuel/> The global hydrogen industry produces more than 50 million [[tonne]]s of it each year.

	Besides combustion in an engine, hydrogen fuel can also be stored for use in [[fuel cell]]s, so it can be used much like a [[battery]] in which it can convert its energy into [[electricity]]. These are used in cars and buses, with the operation of such vehicles being essentially [[emission]]-free.<ref name=cars>CHFCA. ''Cars and Buses'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/say-h2i/cars-and-buses/</ref> A fuel cell has larger [[energy density]] than [[lithium-ion battery\|lithium-ion batteries]] by volume and mass, and is also 2 - 3 times more [[efficiency\|efficient]] than traditional [[internal combustion engine]]s.<ref name=cars/>		Besides combustion in an engine, hydrogen fuel can also be stored for use in [[fuel cell]]s, so it can be used much like a [[battery]] in which it can convert its energy into [[electricity]]. These are used in cars and buses, with the operation of such vehicles being essentially [[emission]]-free.<ref name=cars>CHFCA. ''Cars and Buses'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/say-h2i/cars-and-buses/</ref> A fuel cell has larger [[energy density]] than [[lithium-ion battery\|lithium-ion batteries]] by [[volume]] and mass, and is also 2 - 3 times more [[efficiency\|efficient]] than traditional [[internal combustion engine]]s.<ref name=cars/>

	Hydrogen makes an excellent fuel for many reasons:<ref name=fuel/>		Hydrogen makes an excellent fuel for many reasons:<ref name=fuel/>
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	*Non-toxic		*Non-toxic
	*Odourless		*Odourless
	*Lighter than air		*Lighter than [[air]]
	*Safe to produce, store and transport		*Safe to produce, store and transport

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:11Z

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J.williams at 16:54, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:54:46Z

New page

[[category:371 topics]]
[[Category:Done 2015-07-24]]
[[File:HYDROGEN.png|200px|thumb|Figure 1. Hydrogen, with [[atomic number]] 1 and [[atomic weight]] of 1.008.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Hydrogen''' is the 1st [[element]] on the [[periodic table of elements]], and is the most abundant element in the universe: it makes up 75% of the total [[mass]] of all of the elements in the universe.</onlyinclude><ref>Periodic Table, ''Hydrogen'' [Online], Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref> Some of its properties are listed below:<ref name=info/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''[[Atomic weight]]''' || 1.00794
|-
| '''[[Density]]''' (at 0oC) || .0899 [[gram|g]]/[[liter|L]]
|-
| '''[[Boiling point]]''' || 20.28 [[Kelvin|K]]
|-
| '''[[Melting point]]''' || 13.81 K
|}

It is the raw fuel that stars like our [[Sun]] "burn" in the process of [[fusion]]. This process gives off [[energy]] in the form of [[electromagnetic radiation]] (light) with some eventually reaching the Earth providing the [[heat]] and energy needed for life. The same process is being studied by scientists in hopes of making it a source of [[power]] for humanity.<ref name=info>Jefferson Lab, ''The Elemental Hydrogen'' [Online], Available: http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele001.html</ref>

Hydrogen plays an incredibly large role in the workings of stars, but is also of vast importance on the Earth. It is rarely in its free state on Earth, instead it combines with many elements to form [[molecule]]s that are important for life. Some of these include [[water]], [[hydrocarbon]]s like [[methane]] and [[propane]], glucose, and ammonia.

==Hydrogen in fuels==
:''[[hydrocarbon|main article]]''

Hydrogen is a key component of [[fuel]]s such as [[coal]], [[natural gas]] and [[oil]], due to its inclusion in the primary molecule that they are composed of: Hydrocarbons. In these, hydrogen bonds with [[carbon]] in many different combinations, and these molecules can be [[hydrocarbon combustion|burned]] in the presence of [[molecular oxygen]] to give useful energy. This process is shown in Figure 2, and the hydrogen goes from being a part of the hydrocarbon to combining with [[oxygen]] to form [[water vapour]]. The process below shows the burning of methane, but there are many different hydrocarbons that can make the same reaction happen, however the amounts of [[carbon dioxide|CO2]] and H2O will be different. This process supplies the world with most of its [[primary energy]] - around 95%.<ref>OECD data, visit [[primary energy]] for more detail.</ref>

[[File:combustion_of_methane.jpg|800px|thumbnail|center|Figure 1. Methane combining with 2 oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water and heat.<ref name="image">American Chemical Society. "Methane and oxygen react". Internet: http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/multimedia/chapter6/lesson1, [October 25,2013]</ref>]]

==Hydrogen as a fuel==
:''[[hydrogen as an energy currency|main article]]''

Hydrogen in its [[molecular hydrogen|molecular form]] (H2) is possible to use as a fuel, providing useful energy. While hydrogen is an [[energy currency]], rather than an energy source, it is still considered to be a fuel. It requires "burning" in the presence of [[molecular oxygen]], and this process creates [[heat]] which can be used for [[work]]. The only by-product of this reaction is water and some [[NOx|nitrogen oxides]].<ref name=fuel>CHFCA, ''What is Hydrogen?'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/education-centre/what-is-hydrogen/</ref>

Since hydrogen in this form does not occur naturally on Earth, it must be made by inputting energy. There are many ways of producing hydrogen fuel, such as the process of electrolysis using [[hydroelectricity]], [[solar power]], [[wind power]], and [[nuclear power]].<ref name=fuel/> The global hydrogen industry produces more than 50 million [[tonne]]s of it each year.

Besides combustion in an engine, hydrogen fuel can also be stored for use in [[fuel cell]]s, so it can be used much like a [[battery]] in which it can convert its energy into [[electricity]]. These are used in cars and buses, with the operation of such vehicles being essentially [[emission]]-free.<ref name=cars>CHFCA. ''Cars and Buses'' [Online], Available: http://www.chfca.ca/say-h2i/cars-and-buses/</ref> A fuel cell has larger [[energy density]] than [[lithium-ion battery|lithium-ion batteries]] by volume and mass, and is also 2 - 3 times more [[efficiency|efficient]] than traditional [[internal combustion engine]]s.<ref name=cars/>

Hydrogen makes an excellent fuel for many reasons:<ref name=fuel/>

*Carbon-free
*Clean
*Non-toxic
*Odourless
*Lighter than air
*Safe to produce, store and transport

==Isotopes==
Hydrogen has three main forms: Protium, [[Deuterium]], and [[Tritium]]. Visit [[isotopes of hydrogen]] to learn more about each.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Symbol
|-
| Protium || 1H
|-
| Deuterium || 2H
|-
| Tritium || 3H
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]