Intermittent electricity - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2020-04-28T15:32:40Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:32, 28 April 2020
(No difference)

energy>Jmdonev at 22:18, 10 April 2020

2020-04-10T22:18:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:18, 10 April 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[Category:Done ~~2017~~-07-01]]		[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]
	[[File:solar farm.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Figure 1. Solar power is intermittent, and is non-dispatchable without an energy storage system because of cloud cover and limited daytime hours.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Giant_photovoltaic_array.jpg</ref>]]		[[File:solar farm.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Figure 1. Solar power is intermittent, and is non-dispatchable without an energy storage system because of cloud cover and limited daytime hours.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Giant_photovoltaic_array.jpg</ref>]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Intermittent electricity''' is [[electrical energy]] that is not continuously available due to external factors that cannot be controlled, produced by [[electricity generation\|electricity generating]] sources that vary in their conditions on a fairly short time scale. Sources of intermittent electricity include [[solar power]],<ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Intermittency: How Big is the Problem?'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2011/11/solar-intermittency-how-big-is-the-problem.html</ref> [[wind power]],<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> [[tidal power]], and [[energy from ocean waves\|wave power]].</onlyinclude><ref>EDF Energy, ''Wave power is intermittent but tide power is predictable'' [Online], Available: http://www.edfenergy.com/energyfuture/energy-gap-reliability/marine-and-the-energy-gap-reliability</ref> Although solar and tidal power are fairly predictable (length of days, weather patterns, tidal cycles), they are still intermittent because the time period that [[electricity]] can be created is limited. Because of this varying electrical generation these sources are considered [[non-dispatchable source of electricity\|non-dispatchable]], meaning that their electrical output cannot be used at any given time to meet societies fluctuating electricity demands.		<onlyinclude>'''Intermittent electricity''' is [[electrical energy]] that is not continuously available due to external factors that cannot be controlled, produced by [[electricity generation\|electricity generating]] sources that vary in their conditions on a fairly short time scale. Sources of intermittent electricity include [[solar power]],<ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Intermittency: How Big is the Problem?'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2011/11/solar-intermittency-how-big-is-the-problem.html</ref> [[wind power]],<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> [[tidal power]], and [[energy from ocean waves\|wave power]].</onlyinclude><ref>EDF Energy, ''Wave power is intermittent but tide power is predictable'' [Online], Available: http://www.edfenergy.com/energyfuture/energy-gap-reliability/marine-and-the-energy-gap-reliability</ref> Although solar and tidal power are fairly predictable (length of days, weather patterns, tidal cycles), they are still intermittent because the time period that [[electricity]] can be created is limited. Because of this varying electrical generation these sources are considered [[non-dispatchable source of electricity\|non-dispatchable]], meaning that their electrical output cannot be used at any given time to meet societies fluctuating electricity demands.
Line 27:		Line 27:
	:''[[tidal power\|main article]]		:''[[tidal power\|main article]]

	'''Tidal power''' harnesses the [[energy]] from the [[tidal force]] and wave action in order to [[electricity generation\|generate electricity]]. Unlike other ~~energy~~ [[flow]]s, it is a predictable source of energy because tides occur at expected times.<ref name =Ref5>EMEC. (Accessed July 30, 2015). ''Marine Energy'' [Online], Available: http://www.emec.org.uk/marine-energy</ref> This predictability has an advantage over [[wind power\|wind]] and [[solar power]] since the sun may or may not shine on a particular day and the wind doesn't always blow the expected amount. Tidal power is still not a [[dispatchable source of electricity]] as it is available when nature provides it, not necessarily when it is needed.<ref name =Ref7>Vision of Earth. (Accessed July 30, 2015). ''How can renewables deliver dispatchable power on demand?'' Available: http://www.visionofearth.org/industry/renewable-energy/renewable-energy-review/how-can-renewables-deliver-dispatchable-power-on-demand</ref>		'''Tidal power''' harnesses the [[energy]] from the [[tidal force]] and wave action in order to [[electricity generation\|generate electricity]]. Unlike other [[primary energy flow]]s, it is a predictable source of energy because tides occur at expected times.<ref name =Ref5>EMEC. (Accessed July 30, 2015). ''Marine Energy'' [Online], Available: http://www.emec.org.uk/marine-energy</ref> This predictability has an advantage over [[wind power\|wind]] and [[solar power]] since the sun may or may not shine on a particular day and the wind doesn't always blow the expected amount. Tidal power is still not a [[dispatchable source of electricity]] as it is available when nature provides it, not necessarily when it is needed.<ref name =Ref7>Vision of Earth. (Accessed July 30, 2015). ''How can renewables deliver dispatchable power on demand?'' Available: http://www.visionofearth.org/industry/renewable-energy/renewable-energy-review/how-can-renewables-deliver-dispatchable-power-on-demand</ref>
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2017-08-29T01:47:32Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 01:47, 29 August 2017
(No difference)

Jmdonev at 22:30, 17 August 2017

2017-08-17T22:30:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:30, 17 August 2017
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-06-11]]		[[Category:Done 2017-07-01]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Intermittent electricity''' is [[electrical energy]] that is not continuously available due to external factors that cannot be controlled, produced by [[electricity generation\|electricity generating]] sources that vary in their conditions on a fairly short time scale. Sources of intermittent electricity include [[solar power]],<ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Intermittency: How Big is the Problem?'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2011/11/solar-intermittency-how-big-is-the-problem.html</ref> [[wind power]],<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> [[tidal power]], and [[wave power]].</onlyinclude><ref>EDF Energy, ''Wave power is intermittent but tide power is predictable'' [Online], Available: http://www.edfenergy.com/energyfuture/energy-gap-reliability/marine-and-the-energy-gap-reliability</ref> Although solar and tidal power are fairly predictable (length of days, weather patterns, tidal cycles), they are still intermittent because the time period that [[electricity]] can be created is limited. Because of this varying electrical generation these sources are considered [[non-dispatchable source of electricity\|non-dispatchable]], meaning that their electrical output cannot be used at any given time to meet societies fluctuating electricity demands.		[[File:solar farm.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|Figure 1. Solar power is intermittent, and is non-dispatchable without an energy storage system because of cloud cover and limited daytime hours.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Giant_photovoltaic_array.jpg</ref>]]
			<onlyinclude>'''Intermittent electricity''' is [[electrical energy]] that is not continuously available due to external factors that cannot be controlled, produced by [[electricity generation\|electricity generating]] sources that vary in their conditions on a fairly short time scale. Sources of intermittent electricity include [[solar power]],<ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Intermittency: How Big is the Problem?'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2011/11/solar-intermittency-how-big-is-the-problem.html</ref> [[wind power]],<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> [[tidal power]], and [[energy from ocean waves\|wave power]].</onlyinclude><ref>EDF Energy, ''Wave power is intermittent but tide power is predictable'' [Online], Available: http://www.edfenergy.com/energyfuture/energy-gap-reliability/marine-and-the-energy-gap-reliability</ref> Although solar and tidal power are fairly predictable (length of days, weather patterns, tidal cycles), they are still intermittent because the time period that [[electricity]] can be created is limited. Because of this varying electrical generation these sources are considered [[non-dispatchable source of electricity\|non-dispatchable]], meaning that their electrical output cannot be used at any given time to meet societies fluctuating electricity demands.

	Intermittency can be constrained or even overcome by the use of [[electricity storage]], which is a very rapidly developing area of research. These intermittent sources can store their electricity for later use, and once this pairing is perfected the possibilities are truly limitless.<Ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Power and Energy Storage: Pairing Technologies Vital to Our Future'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2013/09/solar-power-and-energy-storage-pairing-technologies-vital-to-our-future.html</ref> Tesla motors is already mass-producing such energy storage devices, which can harness intermittent solar energy by connecting to solar panels, allowing home owners to use their solar power at otherwise unusable hours. Owners of these storage devices can avoid paying peak-time prices for electricity, and have a reliable source of electricity at all times even in the event of a power outage.<ref>Tesla, ''Powerwall'' [Online], Available: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall</ref>		Intermittency can be constrained or even overcome by the use of [[electricity storage]], which is a very rapidly developing area of research. These intermittent sources can store their electricity for later use, and once this pairing is perfected the possibilities are truly limitless.<Ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Power and Energy Storage: Pairing Technologies Vital to Our Future'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2013/09/solar-power-and-energy-storage-pairing-technologies-vital-to-our-future.html</ref> Tesla motors is already mass-producing such energy storage devices, which can harness intermittent solar energy by connecting to solar panels, allowing home owners to use their solar power at otherwise unusable hours. Owners of these storage devices can avoid paying peak-time prices for electricity, and have a reliable source of electricity at all times even in the event of a power outage.<ref>Tesla, ''Powerwall'' [Online], Available: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall</ref>
Line 7:		Line 8:

	===Solar power===		===Solar power===
	[[File:solar farm.jpg\|thumb\|230px\|Figure 1. Solar power is intermittent, and is non-dispatchable without an energy storage system because of cloud cover and limited daytime hours.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Giant_photovoltaic_array.jpg</ref>]]
	:''[[solar power\|main article]]		:''[[solar power\|main article]]

Line 15:		Line 15:

	===Wind power===		===Wind power===
	[[File:Darling_Wind_Farm.jpg\|~~200px~~\|thumb\|Figure 2. Wind power is intermittent due to it depending on many external, uncontrollable factors.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Darling_Wind_Farm.jpg</ref>]]		[[File:Darling_Wind_Farm.jpg\|250px\|thumb\|Figure 2. Wind power is intermittent due to it depending on many external, uncontrollable factors.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Darling_Wind_Farm.jpg</ref>]]
	:''[[wind power\|main article]]		:''[[wind power\|main article]]

	Wind power is considered highly intermittent and non-dispatchable because it is a variable power source, meaning that its electrical output depends on many factors, such as [[wind]] speed, air [[density]], [[wind turbine\|turbine]] characteristics, and more. All of these factors also change depending on location of the site. Wind speed must also be in a certain range (depending on the turbine), above 3.5 [[meters per second\|m/s]] in order to generate electricity, and below 25 m/s to avoid damage to the turbine.<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> When taking ''multiple'' wind farm's intermittency into consideration, it would make sense that the reliability would somewhat increase, but this actually doesn't appear to be the case.<ref>David JC McKay, ''Sustainable energy - without the hot air'' [Online], Available: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c26/page_187.shtml</ref>		Wind power is considered highly intermittent and non-dispatchable because it is a variable power source, meaning that its electrical output depends on many factors, such as [[wind]] speed, air [[density]], [[wind turbine\|turbine]] characteristics, and more. All of these factors also change depending on location of the site. Wind speed must also be in a certain range (depending on the turbine), above 3.5 [[meters per second\|m/s]] in order to generate electricity, and below 25 m/s to avoid damage to the turbine.<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> When taking ''multiple'' wind farm's intermittency into consideration, it would make sense that the reliability would somewhat increase, but this actually doesn't appear to be the case.<ref>David JC McKay, ''Sustainable energy - without the hot air'' [Online], Available: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c26/page_187.shtml</ref>

			Wind power is by far the [[primary energy]] source that most need high quality [[energy storage]] options. One option [[compressed air energy storage]] seems particularly promising.


			===Tidal power===
			[[File:barragediagram.jpg\|250px\|thumb\|right\|Figure 1: At low tide, stored water flows out from the reservoir into the sea and turns the turbines.<ref name = ref99>Strathclyde University/Energy Authority of New South Wales</ref>]]
			:''[[tidal power\|main article]]

			'''Tidal power''' harnesses the [[energy]] from the [[tidal force]] and wave action in order to [[electricity generation\|generate electricity]]. Unlike other energy [[flow]]s, it is a predictable source of energy because tides occur at expected times.<ref name =Ref5>EMEC. (Accessed July 30, 2015). ''Marine Energy'' [Online], Available: http://www.emec.org.uk/marine-energy</ref> This predictability has an advantage over [[wind power\|wind]] and [[solar power]] since the sun may or may not shine on a particular day and the wind doesn't always blow the expected amount. Tidal power is still not a [[dispatchable source of electricity]] as it is available when nature provides it, not necessarily when it is needed.<ref name =Ref7>Vision of Earth. (Accessed July 30, 2015). ''How can renewables deliver dispatchable power on demand?'' Available: http://www.visionofearth.org/industry/renewable-energy/renewable-energy-review/how-can-renewables-deliver-dispatchable-power-on-demand</ref>
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:13Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:31, 26 August 2015
(No difference)

J.williams at 16:54, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:54:49Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-06-11]]
<onlyinclude>'''Intermittent electricity''' is [[electrical energy]] that is not continuously available due to external factors that cannot be controlled, produced by [[electricity generation|electricity generating]] sources that vary in their conditions on a fairly short time scale. Sources of intermittent electricity include [[solar power]],<ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Intermittency: How Big is the Problem?'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2011/11/solar-intermittency-how-big-is-the-problem.html</ref> [[wind power]],<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> [[tidal power]], and [[wave power]].</onlyinclude><ref>EDF Energy, ''Wave power is intermittent but tide power is predictable'' [Online], Available: http://www.edfenergy.com/energyfuture/energy-gap-reliability/marine-and-the-energy-gap-reliability</ref> Although solar and tidal power are fairly predictable (length of days, weather patterns, tidal cycles), they are still intermittent because the time period that [[electricity]] can be created is limited. Because of this varying electrical generation these sources are considered [[non-dispatchable source of electricity|non-dispatchable]], meaning that their electrical output cannot be used at any given time to meet societies fluctuating electricity demands.

Intermittency can be constrained or even overcome by the use of [[electricity storage]], which is a very rapidly developing area of research. These intermittent sources can store their electricity for later use, and once this pairing is perfected the possibilities are truly limitless.<Ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Power and Energy Storage: Pairing Technologies Vital to Our Future'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2013/09/solar-power-and-energy-storage-pairing-technologies-vital-to-our-future.html</ref> Tesla motors is already mass-producing such energy storage devices, which can harness intermittent solar energy by connecting to solar panels, allowing home owners to use their solar power at otherwise unusable hours. Owners of these storage devices can avoid paying peak-time prices for electricity, and have a reliable source of electricity at all times even in the event of a power outage.<ref>Tesla, ''Powerwall'' [Online], Available: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall</ref>

The most common and highest contributing intermittent sources are wind and solar. They are looked at in a little more detail below.

===Solar power===
[[File:solar farm.jpg|thumb|230px|Figure 1. Solar power is intermittent, and is non-dispatchable without an energy storage system because of cloud cover and limited daytime hours.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Giant_photovoltaic_array.jpg</ref>]]
:''[[solar power|main article]]

Solar power is intermittent and most often non-dispatchable. [[Solar energy to the Earth]] is not the same in all locations, and is also affected by cloud cover. The main reason that solar power is intermittent however is the fact that the Sun does not shine for all hours of the day in a given location.<ref>Renewable Energy World, ''Solar Intermittency: How Big is the Problem?'' [Online], Available: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2011/11/solar-intermittency-how-big-is-the-problem.html</ref> Therefore it is impossible to make consistent use of this resource for [[electricity generation]] without the use of [[electricity storage]].

Since the length of days and [[weather]] effects are fairly predictable, there are [[solar thermal power plant|power plants that use heat storage]] from the solar energy in order to produce power when the sun isn't shining.

===Wind power===
[[File:Darling_Wind_Farm.jpg|200px|thumb|Figure 2. Wind power is intermittent due to it depending on many external, uncontrollable factors.<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Darling_Wind_Farm.jpg</ref>]]
:''[[wind power|main article]]

Wind power is considered highly intermittent and non-dispatchable because it is a variable power source, meaning that its electrical output depends on many factors, such as [[wind]] speed, air [[density]], [[wind turbine|turbine]] characteristics, and more. All of these factors also change depending on location of the site. Wind speed must also be in a certain range (depending on the turbine), above 3.5 [[meters per second|m/s]] in order to generate electricity, and below 25 m/s to avoid damage to the turbine.<ref>DASH, ''Meteorologically Defined Limits to Reduction in the Variability of Outputs from a Coupled Wind Farm System in the Central US'' [Online], Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10981611/Meteorologically%20defined%20limits%20to%20reduction%20in%20the%20variability%20of%20outputs%20from%20a%20coupled%20wind%20farm%20system%20in%20the%20Central%20US_1.pdf?sequence=6</ref> When taking ''multiple'' wind farm's intermittency into consideration, it would make sense that the reliability would somewhat increase, but this actually doesn't appear to be the case.<ref>David JC McKay, ''Sustainable energy - without the hot air'' [Online], Available: http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c26/page_187.shtml</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]