Ionizing radiation - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2021-09-27T00:02:59Z

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 18:14, 10 September 2021

2021-09-10T18:14:32Z

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	[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]		[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]
			[[Category: Translated to French]]
			[[fr:Rayonnement ionisant]]
	[[File:IONIZATION.png\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]		[[File:IONIZATION.png\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of energy transmission ([[radiation]]) that has enough [[energy]] to remove [[electron]]s from [[atom]]s, turning atoms into ions. This means that when an atom or particle is hit by one of these energy carriers, the energy is not absorbed, but rather it breaks the bond between the electron and the nucleus of the atom, "ionizing" it. These resulting particles are therefore known as [[ion]]s. Generally speaking, the incoming energies of [[alpha decay\|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles, and [[gamma decay\|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s are higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that [[alpha decay\|alpha]], [[beta decay\|beta]] and [[gamma decay\|gamma]] radiation are all examples of ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, both negative (such as cancer), and positive (such as cancer treatment).<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>		<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of energy transmission ([[radiation]]) that has enough [[energy]] to remove [[electron]]s from [[atom]]s, turning atoms into ions. This means that when an atom or particle is hit by one of these energy carriers, the energy is not absorbed, but rather it breaks the bond between the electron and the nucleus of the atom, "ionizing" it. These resulting particles are therefore known as [[ion]]s. Generally speaking, the incoming energies of [[alpha decay\|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles, and [[gamma decay\|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s are higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that [[alpha decay\|alpha]], [[beta decay\|beta]] and [[gamma decay\|gamma]] radiation are all examples of ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, both negative (such as cancer), and positive (such as cancer treatment).<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

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energy>Jmdonev at 21:14, 20 April 2020

2020-04-20T21:14:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:14, 20 April 2020
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	[[Category:Done ~~2018~~-08-03]]		[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]
	[[File:IONIZATION.png\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]		[[File:IONIZATION.png\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of [[radiation]] that has enough [[energy]] to ~~eject an~~ [[electron]] from ~~some~~ [[atom]]. Generally speaking, the energies of [[alpha decay\|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles and [[gamma decay\|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s is higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that ~~instead of being absorbed~~, ~~these particles ionize the matter~~ and ~~break molecular bonds. These resulting particles~~ are ~~therefore known as~~ ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, such as cancer.<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>		<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of energy transmission ([[radiation]]) that has enough [[energy]] to remove [[electron]]s from [[atom]]s, turning atoms into ions. This means that when an atom or particle is hit by one of these energy carriers, the energy is not absorbed, but rather it breaks the bond between the electron and the nucleus of the atom, "ionizing" it. These resulting particles are therefore known as [[ion]]s. Generally speaking, the incoming energies of [[alpha decay\|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles, and [[gamma decay\|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s are higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that [[alpha decay\|alpha]], [[beta decay\|beta]] and [[gamma decay\|gamma]] radiation are all examples of ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, both negative (such as cancer), and positive (such as cancer treatment).<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>

	~~The idea~~ that ~~radiation can be~~ ionizing ~~is the basis of operating the Geiger counter—one detector of nuclear~~ radiation. ~~Geiger counters only~~ detect ionizing radiation as they rely on ~~the products of ionization~~ to ~~operate~~.		[[Geiger counter]]s work by using this ionization. Geiger counters are instruments that detect ionizing radiation. They can't detect non-ionizing radiation as they rely on ions to make an electrical signal.

	==Uses of Ionizing Radiation==		==Uses of Ionizing Radiation==
	Different forms of ionizing radiation have different uses. ~~Radiotherapy~~, a cancer treatment, relies on beta decay and uses its ionizing properties to kill cancer cells.<ref name="RE2">ChemTeacher. (July 22, 2015). ''Beta Decay'' [Online]. Available: http://chemteacher.chemeddl.org/services/chemteacher/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66M</ref> Alpha radiation also has use in the medical field, with targeted alpha therapy being used to kill cancer.		Different forms of ionizing radiation have different uses. Radiation therapy, a cancer treatment, relies on beta decay and uses its ionizing properties to kill cancer cells.<ref name="RE2">ChemTeacher. (July 22, 2015). ''Beta Decay'' [Online]. Available: http://chemteacher.chemeddl.org/services/chemteacher/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66M</ref> Alpha radiation also has use in the medical field, with targeted alpha therapy being used to kill cancer.

	Ionizing radiation also has uses outside of the medical field. The ionizing properties of [[americium]] results in its use in smoke ~~detectors~~. Inside the smoke detector alpha particles from the americium are released. This in turn [[ionization\|ionizes]] the air inside the detector. Smoke in the detector absorbs this alpha radiation, so if smoke is present the ionization is altered and the alarm is triggered.<ref>BBC Bitesized. (July 22, 2015). ''Uses of Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/living_future/4_nuclear_radiation2.shtml</ref> In addition, cobalt—a source of gamma ionizing radiation—is used to sterilize medical equipment and [[irradiate food]], killing bacteria and pasteurizing the food.<ref name=EPA>US EPA. (May 14, 2015). ''Gamma Rays'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/gamma.html#use</ref>		Ionizing radiation also has uses outside of the medical field. The ionizing properties of [[americium]] results in its use in [[smoke detector]]s. Inside the smoke detector alpha particles from the americium are released. This in turn [[ionization\|ionizes]] the air inside the detector. Smoke in the detector absorbs this alpha radiation, so if smoke is present the ionization is altered and the alarm is triggered.<ref>BBC Bitesized. (July 22, 2015). ''Uses of Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/living_future/4_nuclear_radiation2.shtml</ref> In addition, cobalt—a source of gamma ionizing radiation—is used to sterilize medical equipment and [[irradiate food]], killing bacteria and pasteurizing the food.<ref name=EPA>US EPA. (May 14, 2015). ''Gamma Rays'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/gamma.html#use</ref>

	==Health Effects==		==Health Effects==
	The [[biological effects of radiation]] vary depending on how much exposure a person has, the length of exposure they are expose to, and what type of radiation they are exposed to. Ionizing radiation is produced when radioactive materials decay, causing damage to living tissues that cannot always be repaired.<ref name="RE3">US EPA. (July 8, 2015). ''Health Effects: Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/health_effects.html#q1</ref> Chronic exposure to radiation can lead to cancer (as a result of damage at the cellular or molecular level) ~~or other~~ mutations that can be harmful ~~to fetuses~~. Effects from acute exposure to ionizing radiation appear quickly, and include burns and radiation poisoning. The symptoms of radiation poisoning include nausea, weakness, hair loss, and diminished organ function and this radiation sickness can result in death if the dose is high enough.<ref name="RE3"/>		The [[biological effects of radiation]] vary depending on how much exposure a person has, the length of exposure they are expose to, and what type of radiation they are exposed to. Ionizing radiation is produced when radioactive materials decay, causing damage to living tissues that cannot always be repaired.<ref name="RE3">US EPA. (July 8, 2015). ''Health Effects: Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/health_effects.html#q1</ref> This exposure can be therapeutic, like treating cancer, or harmful. Chronic exposure to radiation can lead to cancer (as a result of damage at the cellular or molecular level). Exposure, especially in rapidly growing cells can cause mutations that can be harmful. Effects from acute exposure to ionizing radiation appear quickly, and include burns and radiation poisoning. The symptoms of radiation poisoning include nausea, weakness, hair loss, and diminished organ function and this radiation sickness can result in death if the dose is high enough.<ref name="RE3"/>

			==Knowing Nuclear==
			This video was created by the Energy Education team to further explain ionizing radiation
			<html>
			<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PEDpFhwUN8w" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
			</html>

	==For Further Reading==		==For Further Reading==

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-09-03T22:23:33Z

1 revision imported

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energy>Jmdonev at 20:21, 31 July 2018

2018-07-31T20:21:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:21, 31 July 2018
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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-07-24]]		[[Category:Done 2018-08-03]]
	[[File:IONIZATION.png\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]		[[File:IONIZATION.png\|400px\|framed\|right\|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]

	<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of [[radiation]] that has enough [[energy]] to eject an [[electron]] from some [[atom]]. Generally speaking, the energies of [[alpha decay\|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles and [[gamma decay\|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s is higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that instead of being absorbed, these particles ionize the matter and break molecular bonds. These resulting particles are therefore known as ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, such as cancer.<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>		<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of [[radiation]] that has enough [[energy]] to eject an [[electron]] from some [[atom]]. Generally speaking, the energies of [[alpha decay\|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles and [[gamma decay\|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s is higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that instead of being absorbed, these particles ionize the matter and break molecular bonds. These resulting particles are therefore known as ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, such as cancer.<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>

	The idea that radiation can be ionizing is the basis ~~for the operation~~ of the Geiger ~~counter, one~~ detector of nuclear radiation. Geiger counters only detect ionizing radiation as they rely on the products of ionization to operate.		The idea that radiation can be ionizing is the basis of operating the Geiger counter—one detector of nuclear radiation. Geiger counters only detect ionizing radiation as they rely on the products of ionization to operate.

	==Uses of Ionizing Radiation==		==Uses of Ionizing Radiation==
	Different forms of ionizing radiation have different uses. Radiotherapy, a cancer treatment, relies on beta decay and uses its ionizing properties to kill cancer cells.<ref name="~~RE1~~">ChemTeacher. (July 22, 2015). ''Beta Decay'' [Online]. Available: http://chemteacher.chemeddl.org/services/chemteacher/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66M</ref> Alpha radiation also has use in the medical field, with targeted alpha therapy being used to kill cancer.		Different forms of ionizing radiation have different uses. Radiotherapy, a cancer treatment, relies on beta decay and uses its ionizing properties to kill cancer cells.<ref name="RE2">ChemTeacher. (July 22, 2015). ''Beta Decay'' [Online]. Available: http://chemteacher.chemeddl.org/services/chemteacher/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66M</ref> Alpha radiation also has use in the medical field, with targeted alpha therapy being used to kill cancer.

	Ionizing radiation also has uses outside of the medical field. The ionizing properties of [[americium]] results in its use in smoke detectors. Inside the smoke detector alpha particles from the americium are released. This in turn [[ionization\|ionizes]] the air inside the detector. Smoke in the detector absorbs this alpha radiation, so if smoke is present the ionization is altered and the alarm is triggered.<ref>BBC Bitesized. (July 22, 2015). ''Uses of Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/living_future/4_nuclear_radiation2.shtml</ref> ~~Additionally~~, ~~cobalt - a~~ source of gamma ionizing ~~radiation - is~~ used to sterilize medical equipment and [[irradiate food]], killing bacteria and pasteurizing the food.<ref name=EPA>US EPA. (May 14, 2015). ''Gamma Rays'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/gamma.html#use</ref>		Ionizing radiation also has uses outside of the medical field. The ionizing properties of [[americium]] results in its use in smoke detectors. Inside the smoke detector alpha particles from the americium are released. This in turn [[ionization\|ionizes]] the air inside the detector. Smoke in the detector absorbs this alpha radiation, so if smoke is present the ionization is altered and the alarm is triggered.<ref>BBC Bitesized. (July 22, 2015). ''Uses of Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/living_future/4_nuclear_radiation2.shtml</ref> In addition, cobalt—a source of gamma ionizing radiation—is used to sterilize medical equipment and [[irradiate food]], killing bacteria and pasteurizing the food.<ref name=EPA>US EPA. (May 14, 2015). ''Gamma Rays'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/gamma.html#use</ref>

	==Health Effects==		==Health Effects==
	The [[biological effects of radiation]] vary depending on how much exposure a person has, ~~how long~~ they are expose to, and what type of radiation they are exposed to. Ionizing radiation is produced when radioactive materials decay, causing damage to living tissues that cannot always be repaired.<ref name="~~RE2~~">US EPA. (July 8, 2015). ''Health Effects: Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/health_effects.html#q1</ref> Chronic exposure to radiation can lead to cancer (as a result of damage at the cellular or molecular level) or other mutations that can be harmful to fetuses. Effects from acute exposure to ionizing radiation appear quickly, and include burns and radiation poisoning. The symptoms of radiation poisoning include nausea, weakness, hair loss, and diminished organ function and this radiation sickness can result in death if the dose is high enough.<ref name="~~RE2~~"/>		The [[biological effects of radiation]] vary depending on how much exposure a person has, the length of exposure they are expose to, and what type of radiation they are exposed to. Ionizing radiation is produced when radioactive materials decay, causing damage to living tissues that cannot always be repaired.<ref name="RE3">US EPA. (July 8, 2015). ''Health Effects: Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/health_effects.html#q1</ref> Chronic exposure to radiation can lead to cancer (as a result of damage at the cellular or molecular level) or other mutations that can be harmful to fetuses. Effects from acute exposure to ionizing radiation appear quickly, and include burns and radiation poisoning. The symptoms of radiation poisoning include nausea, weakness, hair loss, and diminished organ function and this radiation sickness can result in death if the dose is high enough.<ref name="RE3"/>

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Radiation]]
			*[[Energy]]
			*[[Alpha decay]]
			*[[Gamma decay]]
			*[[Photon]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:13Z

1 revision imported

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J.williams at 16:54, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T16:54:50Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-07-24]]
[[File:IONIZATION.png|400px|framed|right|Figure 1. Ionizing radiation is radiation that can strip electrons from atoms. This process is shown above.<ref>''Created internally by a member of the Energy Education team.''</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Ionizing radiation''' is a specific type of [[radiation]] that has enough [[energy]] to eject an [[electron]] from some [[atom]]. Generally speaking, the energies of [[alpha decay|alpha]] and [[beta decay]] particles and [[gamma decay|gamma ray]] [[photon]]s is higher than the [[ionization]] energies of atoms and molecules.</onlyinclude> This means that instead of being absorbed, these particles ionize the matter and break molecular bonds. These resulting particles are therefore known as ionizing radiation.<ref name=phys>R. Knight. (May 20, 2015). ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers'', 3rd ed. U.S.A.: Pearson</ref> Ionizing radiation is important as it can produce a number of physiological side-effects, such as cancer.<ref name="RE1">Hyperphysics. (May 19, 2015). ''Ionizing Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod4.html</ref>

The idea that radiation can be ionizing is the basis for the operation of the Geiger counter, one detector of nuclear radiation. Geiger counters only detect ionizing radiation as they rely on the products of ionization to operate.

==Uses of Ionizing Radiation==
Different forms of ionizing radiation have different uses. Radiotherapy, a cancer treatment, relies on beta decay and uses its ionizing properties to kill cancer cells.<ref name="RE1">ChemTeacher. (July 22, 2015). ''Beta Decay'' [Online]. Available: http://chemteacher.chemeddl.org/services/chemteacher/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66M</ref> Alpha radiation also has use in the medical field, with targeted alpha therapy being used to kill cancer.

Ionizing radiation also has uses outside of the medical field. The ionizing properties of [[americium]] results in its use in smoke detectors. Inside the smoke detector alpha particles from the americium are released. This in turn [[ionization|ionizes]] the air inside the detector. Smoke in the detector absorbs this alpha radiation, so if smoke is present the ionization is altered and the alarm is triggered.<ref>BBC Bitesized. (July 22, 2015). ''Uses of Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/living_future/4_nuclear_radiation2.shtml</ref> Additionally, cobalt - a source of gamma ionizing radiation - is used to sterilize medical equipment and [[irradiate food]], killing bacteria and pasteurizing the food.<ref name=EPA>US EPA. (May 14, 2015). ''Gamma Rays'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/gamma.html#use</ref>

==Health Effects==
The [[biological effects of radiation]] vary depending on how much exposure a person has, how long they are expose to, and what type of radiation they are exposed to. Ionizing radiation is produced when radioactive materials decay, causing damage to living tissues that cannot always be repaired.<ref name="RE2">US EPA. (July 8, 2015). ''Health Effects: Radiation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/health_effects.html#q1</ref> Chronic exposure to radiation can lead to cancer (as a result of damage at the cellular or molecular level) or other mutations that can be harmful to fetuses. Effects from acute exposure to ionizing radiation appear quickly, and include burns and radiation poisoning. The symptoms of radiation poisoning include nausea, weakness, hair loss, and diminished organ function and this radiation sickness can result in death if the dose is high enough.<ref name="RE2"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]