J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-18T16:52:23Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 16:52, 18 September 2015
(No difference)

Jmdonev at 18:10, 13 September 2015

2015-09-13T18:10:45Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-09-06]]
[[File:Pumpjack,_Glenn_Pool_oil_field_OK.jpg|360px|thumb|right|Figure 1. A pump jack in an oil field.<ref>Wikimedia Commons. (September 10, 2015). ''Pump Jack'' [Online]. Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Pumpjack,_Glenn_Pool_oil_field_OK.jpg </ref>]]
<onlyinclude>A '''pump jack''' is a device used in the [[petroleum]] industry to extract [[crude oil]] from a [[oil well]] where there is not high enough [[pressure]] in the well to force the [[oil]] to the surface. These pump jacks physically extract the oil for use.</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">WiseGeek. (September 8, 2015). ''What is a Pump Jack?'' [Online]. Available: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-pump-jack.htm</ref> Pump jacks and [[oil derrick]]s are commonly confused, but are not the same.

Pump jacks operate by creating something known as artificial lift. This process of creating artificial lift simply increases the pressure within an oil well to pull oil to the surface. It is common for there to be insufficient pressure in the [[oil and gas reservoir|reservoir]] to push oil to the surface, and thus this artificial lift is used to increase production from a well. Sometimes artificial lift is required from the very beginning, whereas other times production of a well decreases over time as the pressure drops and artificial lift is needed to boost production. The beam pumping method utilized by pump jacks is the most common method for creating artificial lift.<ref name="RE2">RigZone. (September 12, 2015). ''How Does A Pump Jack Work?'' [Online]. Available: http://www.rigzone.com/training/insight.asp?insight_id=315&c_id=4</ref>

==Operation==
Pump jacks operate on the same basic principle of some hand pumped [[water]] wells that some people are familiar with. Pump jacks are classified as a type of artificial lift pump system, and are the most common type of artificial lift system.<ref name="RE2"/> This type of system uses equipment above and below ground to push oil to the surface.

These devices are composed of a long, heavy beam that is moved by some external power source. This source causes the end of the beam to rise and fall. At the end of this heavy beam are a series of rods known as sucker rods. As the beam rises and falls, the series of sucker rods dips into and out of the well. These rods are connected to a sucker rod pump, which is installed near the bottom of the well. As the system moves up and rod, the sucker rod pump works somewhat like a [[piston]] - increasing pressure within the well - and lifts the oil from the reservoir to the surface.<ref name="RE2"/> The other end of the beam is connected to a pulley system which provides the continuous movement of the pump jack.<ref name="RE1"/>

These pump jacks pump around twenty times a minute while extracting oil.<ref name="RE2"/> In large oil fields, pump jacks are strung together along a single power connection that accesses one source of [[energy]].<ref name="RE1"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

Pump jack - Revision history

J.williams: 1 revision imported

Jmdonev at 18:10, 13 September 2015