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[[File:solute - salt water.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Figure 1: Example of salt (solute) getting dissolved in [[water]] (solvent) to make a salt water solution.<ref>"Difference between Solute and Solvent," LaboratoryInfo, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://laboratoryinfo.com/solute-vs-solvent/. [Accessed: 12-May-2021]</ref>]]

A [[solute]] is simply a substance that dissolves in some other substance - known as a [[solvent]] - to form a [[solution]]. Although a solute is generally thought of as being [[solid]], a solute can be either solid, [[liquid]], or [[gas]].<ref>"Solute and Solvent," Chemistry LibreTexts, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://chem.libretexts.org/@go/page/53840. [Accessed 12-May-2021].</ref> Based on the chemical properties of both the solvent and the solute, the amount of solute that will dissolve in a solvent will vary. The solubility of a solute depends on the [[temperature]], [[volume]] and mass ratio, and other chemical properties of the substances.<ref>''Solubility.'' BCcampus Open Publishing. [Online]. Available: https://opentextbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/11-3-solubility/. [Accessed: 13-May-2021]</ref>

To learn more about solutes and solutions please see UC Davis' [https://chem.libretexts.org/@go/page/53840 Chem wiki].

===CO2 as a Solute===
[[File:CO2 dissolve in ocean.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Figure 2: The process of gaseous carbon dioxide dissolving in oceans and forming bicarbonate and carbonate.<ref name=rwu>"Dissolved Gases: Carbon Dioxide, pH, and Ocean Acidification," Roger Williams University Pressbooks. [Online]. Available: https://rwu.pressbooks.pub/webboceanography/chapter/5-5-dissolved-gases-carbon-dioxide-ph-and-ocean-acidification/. [Accessed: 13-May-2021]</ref>]]

A solute does not have to be a [[solid]], it can be a gas like [[carbon dioxide]] (CO2). Carbon dioxide in the [[atmosphere]] is soluble in water (the solvent), which means it can become dissolved CO2 in the [[ocean]]s. As seen in figure 2, the dissolved carbon dioxide then undergoes [[chemical reaction]]s with water to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate (HCO3–), carbonate (CO32-) and hydrogen ions (H+). Most of the CO2 dissolving or produced in the ocean is quickly converted to bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.<ref name=rwu/>

The more CO2 is dissolved in the oceans, the more hydrogen ions are produced which consequently lowers the [[pH]] of the solution (the ocean in this case). As anthropogenic sources of atmospheric CO2 have increased, the oceans have been absorbing an increasing amount of carbon dioxide. As a result, there has been a decline in ocean pH and an increase in [[acid|acidity]].<ref name=rwu/>

Please see the page about [[ocean acidification]] for more information.

==Further Reading==
*[[Solvent]]
*[[Solid]], [[Liquid]]
*[[Chemical reaction]]
*[[pH]]
*Or explore a [[Special:Random|random page]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]

Solute - Revision history

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energy>Jmdonev at 21:23, 13 May 2021