Sulfur - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2017-01-08T23:36:30Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 23:36, 8 January 2017
(No difference)

Jmdonev at 01:23, 31 December 2016

2016-12-31T01:23:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:23, 31 December 2016
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-08-21]]		[[Category:Done 2016-12-31]]
	[[File:SULFUR.png\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Figure 1. Sulfur, [[atomic number]] of 16 and [[atomic weight]] of 32.065.<ref>Made with information from the Royal Society of Chemistry, Available: http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/16/sulfur</ref>]]		[[File:SULFUR.png\|200px\|thumb\|right\|Figure 1. Sulfur, [[atomic number]] of 16 and [[atomic weight]] of 32.065.<ref>Made with information from the Royal Society of Chemistry, Available: http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/16/sulfur</ref>]]

	<onlyinclude>'''Sulfur''' ('''S''') is the 16<sup>th</sup> [[element]] on the [[periodic table of elements\|periodic table]]. Sulfur is the tenth most abundant element in the universe, and it is fairly common on Earth as well.</onlyinclude> It is a pale yellow, odourless, and brittle material that has been known since ancient times.<ref name=jeff>Jefferson Lab. (August 4, 2015). ''Sulfur'' [Online]. Available http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele016.html</ref> 25% of today's produced sulfur is recovered from the [[petroleum]] refining process or the process of extracting materials from ~~ores~~ containing sulfur. Most sulfur is produced from underground deposits.<ref name=jeff/>		<onlyinclude>'''Sulfur''' ('''S''') is the 16<sup>th</sup> [[element]] on the [[periodic table of elements\|periodic table]]. Sulfur is the tenth most abundant element in the universe, and it is fairly common on Earth as well.</onlyinclude> It is a pale yellow, odourless, and brittle material that has been known since ancient times.<ref name=jeff>Jefferson Lab. (August 4, 2015). ''Sulfur'' [Online]. Available http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele016.html</ref> 25% of today's produced sulfur is recovered from the [[petroleum]] refining process or the process of extracting materials from [[ore]]s containing sulfur. Most sulfur is produced from underground deposits.<ref name=jeff/>

	Sulfur is used in a variety of ways in both [[gas]]eous and [[solid]] compounds, however sulfur is also a major component of the group of [[pollutant]]s known collectively as [[sulfur oxides]] or SO<sub>x</sub>.		Sulfur is used in a variety of ways in both [[gas]]eous and [[solid]] compounds, however sulfur is also a major component of the group of [[pollutant]]s known collectively as [[sulfur oxides]] or SO<sub>x</sub>.
Line 37:		Line 37:

	Natural gas with especially high levels of hydrogen sulfide is referred to as '''sour gas'''. Some of this sulfur can be removed through a "sweetening" process, which is done mainly using amine solutions that remove this hydrogen sulfide. The process used is known as the "amine process" or more commonly the "Girdler process", and it is used in most gas sweetening operations.<ref>NaturalGas.Org. (August 5, 2015). ''Processing Natural Gas'' [Online]. Available: http://naturalgas.org/naturalgas/processing-ng/</ref>		Natural gas with especially high levels of hydrogen sulfide is referred to as '''sour gas'''. Some of this sulfur can be removed through a "sweetening" process, which is done mainly using amine solutions that remove this hydrogen sulfide. The process used is known as the "amine process" or more commonly the "Girdler process", and it is used in most gas sweetening operations.<ref>NaturalGas.Org. (August 5, 2015). ''Processing Natural Gas'' [Online]. Available: http://naturalgas.org/naturalgas/processing-ng/</ref>

			==Video==
			The video below is from the University of Nottingham's [http://www.periodicvideos.com/ periodic videos project].<ref>See more videos from the University of Nottingham on different elements here: http://www.periodicvideos.com/</ref> They have created a complete suite of short videos on every element on the [[periodic table of elements]].

			<html>
			<iframe width="816" height="459" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/mGMR72X8V-U" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
			</html>

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]		{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:55Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:31, 26 August 2015
(No difference)

J.williams at 18:50, 24 August 2015

2015-08-24T18:50:48Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-08-21]]
[[File:SULFUR.png|200px|thumb|right|Figure 1. Sulfur, [[atomic number]] of 16 and [[atomic weight]] of 32.065.<ref>Made with information from the Royal Society of Chemistry, Available: http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/16/sulfur</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Sulfur''' ('''S''') is the 16th [[element]] on the [[periodic table of elements|periodic table]]. Sulfur is the tenth most abundant element in the universe, and it is fairly common on Earth as well.</onlyinclude> It is a pale yellow, odourless, and brittle material that has been known since ancient times.<ref name=jeff>Jefferson Lab. (August 4, 2015). ''Sulfur'' [Online]. Available http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele016.html</ref> 25% of today's produced sulfur is recovered from the [[petroleum]] refining process or the process of extracting materials from ores containing sulfur. Most sulfur is produced from underground deposits.<ref name=jeff/>

Sulfur is used in a variety of ways in both [[gas]]eous and [[solid]] compounds, however sulfur is also a major component of the group of [[pollutant]]s known collectively as [[sulfur oxides]] or SOx.

Some properties of sulfur include:<ref name=jeff/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''[[Atomic weight]]''' || 32.065
|-
| '''[[Density]]''' (at 0oC) || 2.067 [[gram|g]]/[[centimeter|cm3]]
|-
| '''[[Boiling point]]''' || 717.75 [[Kelvin|K]]
|-
| '''[[Melting point]]''' || 388.36 K
|-
|}

==Uses==
Sulfur is commonly used to create sulfuric [[acid]], which is used in a number of different industries. Specifically, sulfuric acid is used to make fertilizers and lead-acid [[battery|batteries]].<ref name=jeff/> As well, sulfur is used in the production or inorganic chemicals, matches, explosives, cement, and glass.<ref name=uses>Uses Of. (August 4, 2015). ''Uses of Sulfur'' [Online]. Available: http://www.usesof.net/uses-of-sulfur.html</ref>

Along with sulfuric acid, sulfur forms compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is used as a bleaching agent, solvent, disinfectant, and refrigerant. However, when combined with water it forms sulfurous acid, which is a major component of [[acid rain]].<ref name=jeff/>

==Sulfur Oxides==
:: [[sulfur oxides| ''main article'']]

Sulfur dioxide, SO2 is the most common sulfur oxide in the lower [[atmosphere]]. It is colourless, but has a distinct smell and taste that can be detected if the gas has a high enough concentration. Sulfur oxides dissolve readily in [[water]], and result in the atmospheric formation of sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid - a component of acid rain.<ref name=sox> IFC. (July 23, 2015). ''Sulfur Oxides'' [Online]. Available: http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/5cb16d8048855c248b24db6a6515bb18/HandbookSulfurOxides.pdf?MOD=AJPERES</ref>

Most sulfur oxides are produced when fuels that contain sulfur undergo [[combustion]]. Coal burning [[power plant]]s that burn high-sulfur [[coal]] are some of the main sources of SOx. Vehicles can also be a source of sulfur oxides.<ref name=sox/> Exposure to these oxides can be harmful to human health since they are irritants. Side effects of exposure include reduced lung function, increased incidence of respiratory diseases, irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and even death.<ref name=sox/>

==Hydrogen Sulfide==
:: [[hydrogen sulfide|''main article'']]
Sulfur is also important as it is a component of [[hydrogen sulfide]], or H2S. Hydrogen sulfide is a dangerous, colourless gas that occurs naturally in many [[petroleum]] products but can make up significant amounts of [[natural gas]]. This hydrogen sulfide content is one of the main safety concerns associated with the use of natural gas. The health effects of inhalation depend on how much hydrogen sulfide a person is exposed to. Hydrogen sulfide is dangerous even at relatively small concentrations. At certain concentrations, exposure to hydrogen sulfide can result in unconsciousness in 1-2 breaths or even near instant death. Health effects of exposure include headaches, memory loss, and problems with the cardiovascular system. Additionally, hydrogen sulfide is dangerous as it is highly flammable and explosive.<ref>OSHA. (August 5, 2015). ''Hydrogen Sulfide'' [Online]. Available: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hydrogensulfide/hazards.html</ref>

Natural gas with especially high levels of hydrogen sulfide is referred to as '''sour gas'''. Some of this sulfur can be removed through a "sweetening" process, which is done mainly using amine solutions that remove this hydrogen sulfide. The process used is known as the "amine process" or more commonly the "Girdler process", and it is used in most gas sweetening operations.<ref>NaturalGas.Org. (August 5, 2015). ''Processing Natural Gas'' [Online]. Available: http://naturalgas.org/naturalgas/processing-ng/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}[[Category:Uploaded]]