Thermal conduction - Revision history

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energy>Jmdonev at 08:35, 20 February 2020

2020-02-20T08:35:30Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2018~~-04-30]]		[[Category:Done 2020-02-29]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Thermal conduction''' is the ~~direct sharing~~ of [[~~kinetic~~ energy]] (heat) between materials in contact~~, specifically when talking about heat transfer~~.</onlyinclude> ~~This is because~~ higher ~~internal~~ energy of an object ~~means that its molecules are moving faster~~. Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer between solid materials. ~~It is in large part responsible for~~ [[energy loss]]~~es from buildings~~, ~~and it is also~~ how ~~gas and electric stoves heat up pans~~.		[[File:whatisheatco.jpg\|400px\|thumb\|right\|Figure 1. Heat transfers from a hot surface to a cold surface through thermal conduction.<ref> Retrieved from https://phys.org/news/2014-12-what-is-heat-conduction.html</ref>]]

			<onlyinclude>'''Thermal conduction''' is the diffusion of [[thermal energy]] (heat) within one material or between materials in contact.</onlyinclude> The higher temperature object has molecules with more kinetic energy; collisions between molecules distributions this kinetic energy until an object has the same thermal energy throughout. ''Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer between or inside solid materials''. Conduction allows gas and electric stoves heat up pans. Buildings lose much of [[energy loss\|their heat]] by conduction, the pockets of air in [[insulation]] prevents this loss by stopping conduction.<ref>Keeping the heat in, Chapter 2, NR CAN available https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy-efficiency/energy-efficiency-homes/make-your-home-more-energy-efficient/keeping-heat/keeping-heat-chapter-2-how-your-house-works/15630 accessed January 19th, 2020.</ref>

	==Thermal Conduction==		==Thermal Conduction==
	A region with greater thermal energy (heat) corresponds with greater molecular agitation. Thus when a hot object touches a cooler surface, the highly agitated molecules from the hot object bump the calm molecules of the cooler surface, transferring the [[kinetic energy]] and causing it to heat up. ~~This is illustrated in~~ the ~~figure below~~:<~~ref~~>~~S. Alvar, C. Poon, H. Yam, and Physics CUHK, “Heat - Heat Transfer - Conduction - Page 2,” 2002. [Online]. Available: http:~~//~~www.hk-phy.org~~/~~contextual~~/~~heat~~/~~hea~~/~~condu02_e.html.~~ [~~Accessed: 01~~-~~Nov-2013~~].</~~ref~~>		A region with greater thermal energy (heat) corresponds with greater molecular agitation. Thus when a hot object touches a cooler surface, the highly agitated molecules from the hot object bump the calm molecules of the cooler surface, transferring the microscopic [[kinetic energy]] and causing the colder part or object to heat up.
			Mathematically, thermal conduction works just like diffusion. As temperature difference goes up, the distance traveled gets shorter or the area goes up thermal conduction increases:

			<center><big>Thermal conduction (power)<math>= \frac{\kappa A \Delta T}{\ell}</math></big></center>

			Where:
			* Thermal conduction (power) is the heat per unit time transferred some distance <math>\ell</math> between the two temperatures.
			* <math>\kappa</math> is the [[thermal conductivity]] of the material
			* <math>A</math> is the [[cross-sectional area]] of the object
			* <math>\Delta T </math> is the difference in temperature from one side to the other.
			* <math>\ell</math> is the length of the path the heat has to be transferred.

	~~<html><iframe src="http://www~~.hk-~~phy~~.~~org/contextual/~~heat~~/hea/condu/conduction_e~~.~~html" width="470" height="480"></iframe></html>~~		Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer for solid materials because the strong inter-molecular forces allow the vibrations of particles to be easily transmitted, in comparison to liquids and gases. Liquids have weaker inter-molecular forces and more space between the particles, which makes the vibrations of particles harder to transmit. Gases have even more space, and therefore infrequent particle collisions. This makes liquids and gases poor conductors of heat.

			Good thermal conduction is essential for [[heat exchanger]]s, which allow heat to be exchanged between two fluids without mixing them. For example, an [[external heat engine]], (such as a [[coal fired power plant]] or a [[nuclear power plant]]) generates heat, which must be transferred to a [[working fluid]] in order to generate electricity. This produced heat must be transferred by thermal conduction.


	Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer for solid materials because the strong inter-molecular forces allow the vibrations of particles to be easily transmitted, in comparison to liquids and gases. Liquids have weaker inter-molecular forces and more voids between the particles, which makes the vibrations of particles harder to transmit. Gases have even more voids, and therefore infrequent particle collisions. This makes liquids and gases poor conductors of heat.		==For Further Reading==
			*[[Heat exchanger]]
			*[[Convection]]
			*[[Refrigerator]]
			*[[Boiler]]
			*[[Heat]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-05-11T18:17:03Z

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Jmdonev at 21:43, 8 May 2018

2018-05-08T21:43:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:43, 8 May 2018
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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-03-~~06]] [[Category: Needs Citations~~]]		[[Category:Done 2018-04-30]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Thermal conduction''' is the direct sharing of [[kinetic energy]] (heat) between materials in contact, specifically when talking about heat transfer.</onlyinclude> This is because higher internal energy of an object means that its molecules are moving faster. Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer between solid materials. It is in large part responsible for [[energy loss]]es from buildings, and it is also how gas and electric stoves heat up pans.		<onlyinclude>'''Thermal conduction''' is the direct sharing of [[kinetic energy]] (heat) between materials in contact, specifically when talking about heat transfer.</onlyinclude> This is because higher internal energy of an object means that its molecules are moving faster. Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer between solid materials. It is in large part responsible for [[energy loss]]es from buildings, and it is also how gas and electric stoves heat up pans.

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	A region with greater thermal energy (heat) corresponds with greater molecular agitation. Thus when a hot object touches a cooler surface, the highly agitated molecules from the hot object bump the calm molecules of the cooler surface, transferring the [[kinetic energy]] and causing it to heat up. This is illustrated in the figure below:<ref>S. Alvar, C. Poon, H. Yam, and Physics CUHK, “Heat - Heat Transfer - Conduction - Page 2,” 2002. [Online]. Available: http://www.hk-phy.org/contextual/heat/hea/condu02_e.html. [Accessed: 01-Nov-2013].</ref>		A region with greater thermal energy (heat) corresponds with greater molecular agitation. Thus when a hot object touches a cooler surface, the highly agitated molecules from the hot object bump the calm molecules of the cooler surface, transferring the [[kinetic energy]] and causing it to heat up. This is illustrated in the figure below:<ref>S. Alvar, C. Poon, H. Yam, and Physics CUHK, “Heat - Heat Transfer - Conduction - Page 2,” 2002. [Online]. Available: http://www.hk-phy.org/contextual/heat/hea/condu02_e.html. [Accessed: 01-Nov-2013].</ref>

	<html><iframe src="http://www.hk-phy.org/contextual/heat/hea/condu/conduction_e.html" width="~~460~~" height="~~470~~"></iframe></html>		<html><iframe src="http://www.hk-phy.org/contextual/heat/hea/condu/conduction_e.html" width="470" height="480"></iframe></html>

	Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer for solid materials because the strong ~~intermolecular~~ forces allow the vibrations of particles to be easily transmitted, in comparison to liquids and gases. Liquids have weaker ~~intermolecular~~ forces and more voids between the particles, which makes the vibrations of particles harder to transmit. Gases have even more voids, and therefore infrequent particle collisions. This makes liquids and gases poor conductors of heat.		Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer for solid materials because the strong inter-molecular forces allow the vibrations of particles to be easily transmitted, in comparison to liquids and gases. Liquids have weaker inter-molecular forces and more voids between the particles, which makes the vibrations of particles harder to transmit. Gases have even more voids, and therefore infrequent particle collisions. This makes liquids and gases poor conductors of heat.

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:43Z

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J.williams at 17:00, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T17:00:13Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-03-06]] [[Category: Needs Citations]]
<onlyinclude>'''Thermal conduction''' is the direct sharing of [[kinetic energy]] (heat) between materials in contact, specifically when talking about heat transfer.</onlyinclude> This is because higher internal energy of an object means that its molecules are moving faster. Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer between solid materials. It is in large part responsible for [[energy loss]]es from buildings, and it is also how gas and electric stoves heat up pans.

==Thermal Conduction==
A region with greater thermal energy (heat) corresponds with greater molecular agitation. Thus when a hot object touches a cooler surface, the highly agitated molecules from the hot object bump the calm molecules of the cooler surface, transferring the [[kinetic energy]] and causing it to heat up. This is illustrated in the figure below:<ref>S. Alvar, C. Poon, H. Yam, and Physics CUHK, “Heat - Heat Transfer - Conduction - Page 2,” 2002. [Online]. Available: http://www.hk-phy.org/contextual/heat/hea/condu02_e.html. [Accessed: 01-Nov-2013].</ref>

<html><iframe src="http://www.hk-phy.org/contextual/heat/hea/condu/conduction_e.html" width="460" height="470"></iframe></html>

Conduction is the main mode of heat transfer for solid materials because the strong intermolecular forces allow the vibrations of particles to be easily transmitted, in comparison to liquids and gases. Liquids have weaker intermolecular forces and more voids between the particles, which makes the vibrations of particles harder to transmit. Gases have even more voids, and therefore infrequent particle collisions. This makes liquids and gases poor conductors of heat.

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]