Thermal energy - Revision history

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energy>Luisa at 15:26, 16 October 2021

2021-10-16T15:26:36Z

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			[[Category:Translated to Spanish]]
	[[fr:Énergie thermique]]		[[fr:Énergie thermique]]
			[[es:Energía térmica]]
	<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].		<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].

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2021-09-27T00:03:05Z

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energy>Ethan.boechler at 19:41, 10 September 2021

2021-09-10T19:41:42Z

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			[[Category:Translated to French]]
			[[fr:Énergie thermique]]
	<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].		<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2017-08-29T01:47:21Z

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Jmdonev at 22:17, 15 August 2017

2017-08-15T22:17:58Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-09-06]]		[[Category:Done 2017-07-01]]
	<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].		<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].

	The [[energy]] contained in the small motions of the object's molecules can be broken up into a combination of [[Kinetic energy#microscopic kinetic energy\|microscopic kinetic energy]] and [[potential energy]]. The total energy of an object is equal to:		The [[energy]] contained in the small motions of the object's molecules can be broken up into a combination of [[Kinetic energy#microscopic kinetic energy\|microscopic kinetic energy]] and [[potential energy]]. The total energy of an object is equal to:

	<m>E_T = E_K + E_P</m>		<math>E_T = E_K + E_P</math>
	:*<m>E_T</m> is the total energy in an object.		:*<math>E_T</math> is the total energy in an object.
	:*<m>E_K</m> is the kinetic energy of an object.		:*<math>E_K</math> is the kinetic energy of an object.
	:*<m>E_P</m> is the potential energy of an object.		:*<math>E_P</math> is the potential energy of an object.

	Temperature is a direct measurement of thermal energy, meaning that the hotter an object is, the more thermal energy it has. [[Heat]] is a measure of how much thermal energy is [[heat transfer mechanisms \| transferred]] between two systems.		Temperature is a direct measurement of thermal energy, meaning that the hotter an object is, the more thermal energy it has. [[Heat]] is a measure of how much thermal energy is [[heat transfer mechanisms \| transferred]] between two systems.
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	==Latent heat (Enthalpy)==		==Latent heat (Enthalpy)==
	The latent heat of a substance is the heat required for an object to change states, also called a [[phase change]]. Generally speaking, values for latent heats are much higher than those for specific heat. This is also referred to as enthalpy.<ref name=Knight>Randall Knight, ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers,'' 3rd Ed. New York: Pearson, 2013, Ch. 17, p. 482.</ref> ~~To learn more about enthalpy and latent heat please see [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/firlaw.html#c2 hyperphysics].~~		The latent heat of a substance is the heat required for an object to change states, also called a [[phase change]]. Generally speaking, values for latent heats are much higher than those for specific heat. This is also referred to as enthalpy.<ref name=Knight>Randall Knight, ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers,'' 3rd Ed. New York: Pearson, 2013, Ch. 17, p. 482.</ref>

	~~===Fusion===~~
	The latent heat of fusion is the heat required for an object to go from the [[solid]] state to the liquid state, or vice versa.<ref name=Knight/> Because its value is generally much higher than specific heat, it allows you to keep a beverage cold for much longer by adding ice than simply putting in a cold liquid to begin with. It's also why frozen meat takes a long time to thaw, but once its thawed, it heats up quickly.

	Ice and [[water]] have enormous latent heats associated with them, which is why snow takes so long to melt and water is used for cooking. This is also important in keeping our planet comfortable to live on, and provides a fair amount of resistance to [[climate change]].		Ice and [[water]] have enormous latent heats associated with them, which is why snow takes so long to melt and water is used for cooking. This is also important in keeping our planet comfortable to live on, and provides a fair amount of resistance to [[climate change]].

	~~===Vaporization===~~
	The latent heat of vaporization is the thermal energy required for a [[liquid]] to vaporize or condense.<ref name=Knight/> Water has a high latent heat of vaporization, which is why [[steam]] burns are so dangerous. The steam is above 100°C, so it transfers the energy from its temperature, down to 100°C, then the heat from vaporization, which is much larger, and ''then'' it transfers the heat of the boiling water that remains.

	==PhET: Friction increases thermal energy==		==PhET: Friction increases thermal energy==

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-18T16:51:29Z

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Jmdonev at 20:51, 3 September 2015

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	[[Category:Done 2015-02-15]]		[[Category:Done 2015-09-06]]
	<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].		<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].

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	==Specific heat==		==Specific heat==
	The specific heat of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of that substance by one degree [[Kelvin]] (or [[Celsius]], if you're not in a laboratory).		The specific heat of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one [[kilogram]] of that substance by one degree [[Kelvin]] (or [[Celsius]], if you're not in a laboratory).

	==Latent heat (Enthalpy)==		==Latent heat (Enthalpy)==
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	===Fusion===		===Fusion===
	The latent heat of fusion is the heat required for an object to go from the solid state to the liquid state, or vice versa.<ref name=Knight/> Because its value is generally much higher than specific heat, it allows you to keep a beverage cold for much longer by adding ice than simply putting in a cold liquid to begin with. It's also why frozen meat takes a long time to thaw, but once its thawed, it heats up quickly.		The latent heat of fusion is the heat required for an object to go from the [[solid]] state to the liquid state, or vice versa.<ref name=Knight/> Because its value is generally much higher than specific heat, it allows you to keep a beverage cold for much longer by adding ice than simply putting in a cold liquid to begin with. It's also why frozen meat takes a long time to thaw, but once its thawed, it heats up quickly.

	Ice and water have enormous latent heats associated with them, which is why snow takes so long to melt and water is used for cooking. This is also important in keeping our planet comfortable to live on, and provides a fair amount of resistance to [[climate change]].		Ice and [[water]] have enormous latent heats associated with them, which is why snow takes so long to melt and water is used for cooking. This is also important in keeping our planet comfortable to live on, and provides a fair amount of resistance to [[climate change]].

	===Vaporization===		===Vaporization===
	The latent heat of vaporization is the thermal energy required for a liquid to vaporize or condense.<ref name=Knight/> Water has a high latent heat of vaporization, which is why steam burns are so dangerous. The steam is above 100°C, so it transfers the energy from its temperature, down to 100°C, then the heat from vaporization, which is much larger, and ''then'' it transfers the heat of the boiling water that remains.		The latent heat of vaporization is the thermal energy required for a [[liquid]] to vaporize or condense.<ref name=Knight/> Water has a high latent heat of vaporization, which is why [[steam]] burns are so dangerous. The steam is above 100°C, so it transfers the energy from its temperature, down to 100°C, then the heat from vaporization, which is much larger, and ''then'' it transfers the heat of the boiling water that remains.

	==PhET: Friction increases thermal energy==		==PhET: Friction increases thermal energy==

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:43Z

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J.williams at 17:00, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T17:00:13Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-02-15]]
<onlyinclude>The '''thermal energy''' of an object is the energy contained in the motion and vibration of its molecules.</onlyinclude> Thermal energy is measured through [[temperature]].

The [[energy]] contained in the small motions of the object's molecules can be broken up into a combination of [[Kinetic energy#microscopic kinetic energy|microscopic kinetic energy]] and [[potential energy]]. The total energy of an object is equal to:

<m>E_T = E_K + E_P</m>
:*<m>E_T</m> is the total energy in an object.
:*<m>E_K</m> is the kinetic energy of an object.
:*<m>E_P</m> is the potential energy of an object.

Temperature is a direct measurement of thermal energy, meaning that the hotter an object is, the more thermal energy it has. [[Heat]] is a measure of how much thermal energy is [[heat transfer mechanisms | transferred]] between two systems.

It is easy to turn [[mechanical energy]] into thermal energy, for example using [[friction]]. It's also possible to turn thermal energy into mechanical energy by using a [[heat engine]], but there will always be [[waste heat]] with this method.

==Specific heat==
The specific heat of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of that substance by one degree [[Kelvin]] (or [[Celsius]], if you're not in a laboratory).

==Latent heat (Enthalpy)==
The latent heat of a substance is the heat required for an object to change states, also called a [[phase change]]. Generally speaking, values for latent heats are much higher than those for specific heat. This is also referred to as enthalpy.<ref name=Knight>Randall Knight, ''Physics for Scientists and Engineers,'' 3rd Ed. New York: Pearson, 2013, Ch. 17, p. 482.</ref> To learn more about enthalpy and latent heat please see [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/firlaw.html#c2 hyperphysics].

===Fusion===
The latent heat of fusion is the heat required for an object to go from the solid state to the liquid state, or vice versa.<ref name=Knight/> Because its value is generally much higher than specific heat, it allows you to keep a beverage cold for much longer by adding ice than simply putting in a cold liquid to begin with. It's also why frozen meat takes a long time to thaw, but once its thawed, it heats up quickly.

Ice and water have enormous latent heats associated with them, which is why snow takes so long to melt and water is used for cooking. This is also important in keeping our planet comfortable to live on, and provides a fair amount of resistance to [[climate change]].

===Vaporization===
The latent heat of vaporization is the thermal energy required for a liquid to vaporize or condense.<ref name=Knight/> Water has a high latent heat of vaporization, which is why steam burns are so dangerous. The steam is above 100°C, so it transfers the energy from its temperature, down to 100°C, then the heat from vaporization, which is much larger, and ''then'' it transfers the heat of the boiling water that remains.

==PhET: Friction increases thermal energy==
The [http://phet.colorado.edu/ University of Colorado] has graciously allowed us to use the following PhET simulation. Explore the simulation below to get a physical intuition of how friction can increase thermal energy and turn macroscopic motion into microscopic.

<html>
<iframe src="http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/friction/latest/friction_en.html" width="800" height="600"></iframe>
</html>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]