Titanium - Revision history

Jmdonev at 18:31, 4 January 2019

2019-01-04T18:31:24Z

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	==Titanium Uses==		==Titanium Uses==
	[[File:~~1200px-~~Hochreines Titan ~~(99.999)~~ mit sichtbarer Kristallstruktur.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Figure 2. 99% pure titanium.<ref>WikiMedia Commons, This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons		[[File:Hochreines Titan mit sichtbarer Kristallstruktur.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Figure 2. 99% pure titanium.<ref>WikiMedia Commons, This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons
	File:Hochreines Titan (99.999) mit sichtbarer Kristallstruktur.jpg, Accessed on: Oct. 9, 2018. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochreines_Titan_(99.999)_mit_sichtbarer_Kristallstruktur.jpg</ref>]]		File:Hochreines Titan (99.999) mit sichtbarer Kristallstruktur.jpg, Accessed on: Oct. 9, 2018. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochreines_Titan_(99.999)_mit_sichtbarer_Kristallstruktur.jpg</ref>]]
	Titanium is used to create alloys with many other metals because it is as strong as steel while having a lower density (Figure 2). Titanium alloys are popular for making any flying (aerial or space) machines where lightweight and heat resistant properties are useful.It is also popular for everyday items like automotives, bicycles, medical and sports equipment, and portable electronics. Titanium's low reactivity and its ability to connect well with bone makes it ideal for surgical implants and replacements. Low reactivity also means it is resistant to [[corrosion]], making it useful for an applications where sea water is involved. Titanium also excels at reflecting infrared and ultraviolet radiation, making it useful for space observatory equipment that might be sensitive to radiation and also as a sunscreen for protecting skin. Titanium(IV) oxide is bright white in colour and its durability makes it good for paint, enamels, and plastic.<ref name = NBB>John Emsley, "Nature’s Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements", Oxford University Press, New York, 2nd Edition, 2011.</ref>		Titanium is used to create alloys with many other metals because it is as strong as steel while having a lower density (Figure 2). Titanium alloys are popular for making any flying (aerial or space) machines where lightweight and heat resistant properties are useful.It is also popular for everyday items like automotives, bicycles, medical and sports equipment, and portable electronics. Titanium's low reactivity and its ability to connect well with bone makes it ideal for surgical implants and replacements. Low reactivity also means it is resistant to [[corrosion]], making it useful for an applications where sea water is involved. Titanium also excels at reflecting infrared and ultraviolet radiation, making it useful for space observatory equipment that might be sensitive to radiation and also as a sunscreen for protecting skin. Titanium(IV) oxide is bright white in colour and its durability makes it good for paint, enamels, and plastic.<ref name = NBB>John Emsley, "Nature’s Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements", Oxford University Press, New York, 2nd Edition, 2011.</ref>

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2dev>Jmdonev at 21:11, 15 November 2018

2018-11-15T21:11:47Z

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[[Category: Rudi grade Ashley write]]
[[Category: Done 2018-12-10]]
[[File:Ti.png|200px|thumb|Figure 1. Titanium, with [[atomic number]] 22 and [[atomic weight]] of 47.867.<ref>Made internally by a member of the Energy Education team, with information from periodictable.com, Available: http://periodictable.com/Elements/001/index.html</ref>]]

<onlyinclude>'''Titanium''' is the 22nd [[element]] on the [[periodic table of elements]] and it is the ninth most abundant element on Earth.</onlyinclude><ref name=info>Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table, ''Titanium'' [Online], Available: http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/22/titanium</ref> Some of its properties are listed below:<ref name=info/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''[[Atomic weight]]''' || 47.867
|-
| '''[[Density]]''' (at 0oC) || 4.506 [[gram|g]]/cm3
|-
| '''[[Boiling point]]''' || 3560 [[Kelvin|K]]
|-
| '''[[Melting point]]''' || 1943 K
|}

Titanium is a [[transition metal]]. It is found primarily in [[igneous rock]]s, but can also be found in [[Sedimentary rock|sedimentary]] and [[metamorphic rock]] derived from igneous sources. Titanium is a very useful [[metal]] due to its high strength, low [[density]], and low [[reactivity]].<ref name=info/>

==Titanium Uses==
[[File:1200px-Hochreines Titan (99.999) mit sichtbarer Kristallstruktur.jpg|thumb|right|Figure 2. 99% pure titanium.<ref>WikiMedia Commons, This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons
File:Hochreines Titan (99.999) mit sichtbarer Kristallstruktur.jpg, Accessed on: Oct. 9, 2018. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hochreines_Titan_(99.999)_mit_sichtbarer_Kristallstruktur.jpg</ref>]]
Titanium is used to create alloys with many other metals because it is as strong as steel while having a lower density (Figure 2). Titanium alloys are popular for making any flying (aerial or space) machines where lightweight and heat resistant properties are useful.It is also popular for everyday items like automotives, bicycles, medical and sports equipment, and portable electronics. Titanium's low reactivity and its ability to connect well with bone makes it ideal for surgical implants and replacements. Low reactivity also means it is resistant to [[corrosion]], making it useful for an applications where sea water is involved. Titanium also excels at reflecting infrared and ultraviolet radiation, making it useful for space observatory equipment that might be sensitive to radiation and also as a sunscreen for protecting skin. Titanium(IV) oxide is bright white in colour and its durability makes it good for paint, enamels, and plastic.<ref name = NBB>John Emsley, "Nature’s Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements", Oxford University Press, New York, 2nd Edition, 2011.</ref>

== Power Plants and Nuclear Waste Storage==
[[File:1188px-Titanium products.jpg|thumb|right|Figure 3. Titanium products.<ref>WikiMedia Commons, Titanium Products, Accessed on: Oct. 9, 2018. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Titanium_products.jpg</ref>]]
Titanium's mechanical and chemical properties make it an ideal metal for [[power plant]] condenser pipes and [[nuclear waste storage]] (Figure 3).

Titanium allows power plant condenser pipes to be strong, lightweight, corrosion resistant, and thinner (which allows for better [[heat transfer mechanisms|heat transfer]]). This all adds up to pipes that easier to maintain, more efficient, and last longer than pipes made from other metals. Other metals and materials typically last 20 years, while titanium pipes have an average lifespan closer to 40 years.<ref name = pipe>Chapman, R. and McGowan, W, , "Titanium Trends", The Tube & Pipe Journal, March 2009. Accessed: Oct 9, 2018. Available at: https://www.thefabricator.com/article/tubepipefabrication/titanium-trends.</ref>

Many of the properties that make titanium ideal for power plant condenser pipes also make it an ideal metal nuclear waste storage containers. The most important property for a nuclear waste storage container material is low reactivity with other substances or, in other words, high corrosion resistance. This means that the material cannot be easily broken down, which is vital to storing nuclear waste and preventing leaks. Titanium can also be used to design nuclear reactor shields. Shields go around the reactors and help to increase the lifespan of the reactor as well as the safety of the operation.<ref name = nuclear>F. Hua, K. Mon, P. Pasupathi, G. Gordon, D. Shoesmith, "A Review of Corrosion of Titanium Grade 7 and Other Titanium Alloys in Nuclear Waste Repository Environments", Corrosion journal, V.61 (10), June 2004. Accessed: Oct 9, 2018. Available at: http://corrosionjournal.org/doi/10.5006/1.3280899?code=NACE-prem-site</ref>

==Isotopes==
Titanium has five [[isotope]]s found in nature:<ref name=info/>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Symbol!!Natural Abundance
|-
| 46Ti || 8.25%
|-
| 47Ti || 7.44%
|-
| 48Ti || 73.72%
|-
| 49Ti || 5.41%
|-
| 50Ti || 5.18%
|}

==Video==
The video below is from the University of Nottingham's [http://www.periodicvideos.com/ periodic videos project].<ref>See more videos from the University of Nottingham on different elements here: http://www.periodicvideos.com/</ref> They have created a complete suite of short videos on every element on the [[periodic table of elements]].

<html>
<iframe width="853" height="480" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MpFTQYynrc4" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</html>

==For Further Reading==
*[[Periodic table of elements]]
*[[Metal]]
*[[Power plant]]
*[[Nuclear power]]
*Or explore a [[Special:Random|random page]]

==References==
{{reflist}}