Transmutation - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

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2dev>Jmdonev at 16:10, 17 December 2018

2018-12-17T16:10:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:10, 17 December 2018
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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-09-05]]		[[Category:Done 2018-12-10]] [[Category: Rudi grade Ashley edit]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Transmutation''' or '''nuclear transmutation''' is a process that involves a change in the [[nucleus]] of an [[atom]]. When the number of [[proton]]s in the nucleus of an atom changes, the identity of that atom changes as it is ~~transmuted~~ into another [[element]] or [[isotope]].</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Nassau Community College. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://faculty.ncc.edu/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Fkhb0_AcPfE%3D&tabid=1920</ref> This transmutation process can be either natural or artificial.		<onlyinclude>'''Transmutation''' or '''nuclear transmutation''' is a process that involves a change in the [[nucleus]] of an [[atom]]. When the number of [[proton]]s in the nucleus of an atom changes, the identity of that atom changes as it is turned into another [[element]] or [[isotope]].</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Nassau Community College. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://faculty.ncc.edu/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Fkhb0_AcPfE%3D&tabid=1920</ref> This transmutation process can be either natural or artificial.

	==Natural Transmutation==		==Natural Transmutation==
	Natural or spontaneous transmutation occurs in unstable, [[radioactivity\|radioactive]] elements. These elements will be transformed into a stable element over a series of decays or a '''decay chain'''. For example, uranium-238 transmutes spontaneously into lead-206 through a series of steps. Nuclear transmutations can occur during the spontaneous radioactive decay of naturally occurring [[thorium]] and [[uranium]].<ref>Chemistry Explained. (June 17, 2015). ''Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Te-Va/Transmutation.html#ixzz3dLc4y1G3</ref>		Natural or spontaneous transmutation occurs in unstable, [[radioactivity\|radioactive]] elements. These elements will be transformed into a stable element over a series of decays or a '''decay chain'''. For example, uranium-238 transmutes spontaneously into lead-206 through a series of steps. Nuclear transmutations can occur during the spontaneous [[radioactive decay]] of naturally occurring [[thorium]] and [[uranium]].<ref>Chemistry Explained. (June 17, 2015). ''Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Te-Va/Transmutation.html#ixzz3dLc4y1G3</ref>

	==Artificial Transmutation==		==Artificial Transmutation==
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	Artificial transmutation can be accomplished through the use of particle accelerators that strike elements with [[alpha decay\|alpha particle]]s, [[deuterium\|deuteron]]s, or small nuclei.<ref name="RE1"/> With this process, some of the protons from the bombarding particles are lodged in the target nucleus, promoting the transmutation into a different element. In a nuclear reactor, the target nucleus is struck with neutrons, resulting in fission of nuclei.		Artificial transmutation can be accomplished through the use of particle accelerators that strike elements with [[alpha decay\|alpha particle]]s, [[deuterium\|deuteron]]s, or small nuclei.<ref name="RE1"/> With this process, some of the protons from the bombarding particles are lodged in the target nucleus, promoting the transmutation into a different element. In a nuclear reactor, the target nucleus is struck with neutrons, resulting in fission of nuclei.

	In early experiments, high-speed alpha particles from <sup>214</sup>Bi were used to strike a nucleus. In 1919, [http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/ Rutherford] carried out the first nuclear reaction between these alpha particles and [[nitrogen]].<ref name="RE1"/> In this reaction, a nitrogen nucleus reacted with a high speed helium nucleus to form two new nuclei and a proton. This demonstrated the possibility of transmuting elements.		In early experiments, high-speed alpha particles from <sup>214</sup>Bi were used to strike a nucleus. In 1919, [http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/ Rutherford] carried out the first nuclear reaction between these alpha particles and [[nitrogen]].<ref name="RE1"/> In this reaction, a nitrogen nucleus reacted with a high-speed helium nucleus to form two new nuclei and a proton. This demonstrated the possibility of transmuting elements.
	This ~~lead~~ to Rutherford, a physicist, ~~to get~~ the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry, for ~~quite ironically,~~ performing alchemy.<ref>"http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html" accessed July 4th, 2015.</ref> ~~Although of course this~~ alchemy was not turning lead into gold as so many centuries of alchemists had hoped.		This led to Rutherford, a physicist, receiving the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry, for essentially performing alchemy.<ref>"http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html" accessed July 4th, 2015.</ref> As it turns out alchemy was not turning lead into gold, as so many centuries of alchemists had hoped, but it did allow for the changing of some elements into other elements.

			==For Further Reading==
			*[[Nucleus]]
			*[[Atom]]
			*[[Chemistry]]
			*[[Fission]]
			*[[Element]]
			*Or explore a [[Special:Random\|random page]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-03T18:22:01Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 18:22, 3 September 2015
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Jmdonev at 21:24, 27 August 2015

2015-08-27T21:24:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:24, 27 August 2015
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	[[Category:Done 2015-07-01]]		[[Category:Done 2015-09-05]]
	<onlyinclude>'''Transmutation''' or '''nuclear transmutation''' is a process that involves a change in the [[nucleus]] of an [[atom]]. When the number of [[proton]]s in the nucleus of an atom changes, the identity of that atom changes as it is transmuted into another [[element]] or [[isotope]].</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Nassau Community College. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://faculty.ncc.edu/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Fkhb0_AcPfE%3D&tabid=1920</ref> This transmutation process can be either natural or artificial.		<onlyinclude>'''Transmutation''' or '''nuclear transmutation''' is a process that involves a change in the [[nucleus]] of an [[atom]]. When the number of [[proton]]s in the nucleus of an atom changes, the identity of that atom changes as it is transmuted into another [[element]] or [[isotope]].</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Nassau Community College. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://faculty.ncc.edu/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Fkhb0_AcPfE%3D&tabid=1920</ref> This transmutation process can be either natural or artificial.

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	Artificial or induced transmutation occurs when atoms of one element are struck with particles in a linear accelerator, cyclotron, or synchrotron.<ref name=ucdavis>UC Davis Chem Wiki. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Reactions'' [Online]. Available: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Nuclear_Chemistry/Nuclear_Reactions</ref> This collision causes the atom to be changed in some way. All of the elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 - such as [[plutonium]] - are man-made elements created through transmutation. Most nuclear reactions involve the artificial transmutation of elements, although they are generally referred to more specifically as "[[fission]]", "[[fusion]]", or "irradiation" instead of being referred to broadly as transmutation.		Artificial or induced transmutation occurs when atoms of one element are struck with particles in a linear accelerator, cyclotron, or synchrotron.<ref name=ucdavis>UC Davis Chem Wiki. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Reactions'' [Online]. Available: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Nuclear_Chemistry/Nuclear_Reactions</ref> This collision causes the atom to be changed in some way. All of the elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 - such as [[plutonium]] - are man-made elements created through transmutation. Most nuclear reactions involve the artificial transmutation of elements, although they are generally referred to more specifically as "[[fission]]", "[[fusion]]", or "irradiation" instead of being referred to broadly as transmutation.

	Artificial transmutation can be accomplished through the use of particle accelerators that strike elements with [[alpha particle]]s, [[deuteron]]s, or small nuclei.<ref name="RE1"/> With this process, some of the protons from the bombarding particles are lodged in the target nucleus, promoting the transmutation into a different element. In a nuclear reactor, the target nucleus is struck with neutrons, resulting in fission of nuclei.		Artificial transmutation can be accomplished through the use of particle accelerators that strike elements with [[alpha decay\|alpha particle]]s, [[deuterium\|deuteron]]s, or small nuclei.<ref name="RE1"/> With this process, some of the protons from the bombarding particles are lodged in the target nucleus, promoting the transmutation into a different element. In a nuclear reactor, the target nucleus is struck with neutrons, resulting in fission of nuclei.

	In early experiments, high-speed alpha particles from <sup>214</sup>Bi were used to strike a nucleus. In 1919, Rutherford carried out the first nuclear reaction between these alpha particles and [[nitrogen]].<ref name="RE1"/> In this reaction, a nitrogen nucleus reacted with a high speed helium nucleus to form two new nuclei and a proton. This demonstrated the possibility of transmuting elements.		In early experiments, high-speed alpha particles from <sup>214</sup>Bi were used to strike a nucleus. In 1919, [http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/ Rutherford] carried out the first nuclear reaction between these alpha particles and [[nitrogen]].<ref name="RE1"/> In this reaction, a nitrogen nucleus reacted with a high speed helium nucleus to form two new nuclei and a proton. This demonstrated the possibility of transmuting elements.
	This lead to Rutherford, a physicist, to get the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry, for quite ironically, performing alchemy.<ref>"http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html" accessed July 4th, 2015.</ref> Although of course this alchemy was not turning lead into gold as so many centuries of alchemists had hoped.		This lead to Rutherford, a physicist, to get the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry, for quite ironically, performing alchemy.<ref>"http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html" accessed July 4th, 2015.</ref> Although of course this alchemy was not turning lead into gold as so many centuries of alchemists had hoped.

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:45Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:31, 26 August 2015
(No difference)

J.williams at 17:00, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T17:00:22Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-07-01]]
<onlyinclude>'''Transmutation''' or '''nuclear transmutation''' is a process that involves a change in the [[nucleus]] of an [[atom]]. When the number of [[proton]]s in the nucleus of an atom changes, the identity of that atom changes as it is transmuted into another [[element]] or [[isotope]].</onlyinclude><ref name="RE1">Nassau Community College. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://faculty.ncc.edu/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Fkhb0_AcPfE%3D&tabid=1920</ref> This transmutation process can be either natural or artificial.

==Natural Transmutation==
Natural or spontaneous transmutation occurs in unstable, [[radioactivity|radioactive]] elements. These elements will be transformed into a stable element over a series of decays or a '''decay chain'''. For example, uranium-238 transmutes spontaneously into lead-206 through a series of steps. Nuclear transmutations can occur during the spontaneous radioactive decay of naturally occurring [[thorium]] and [[uranium]].<ref>Chemistry Explained. (June 17, 2015). ''Transmutation'' [Online]. Available: http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Te-Va/Transmutation.html#ixzz3dLc4y1G3</ref>

==Artificial Transmutation==
Artificial or induced transmutation occurs when atoms of one element are struck with particles in a linear accelerator, cyclotron, or synchrotron.<ref name=ucdavis>UC Davis Chem Wiki. (June 17, 2015). ''Nuclear Reactions'' [Online]. Available: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Nuclear_Chemistry/Nuclear_Reactions</ref> This collision causes the atom to be changed in some way. All of the elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 - such as [[plutonium]] - are man-made elements created through transmutation. Most nuclear reactions involve the artificial transmutation of elements, although they are generally referred to more specifically as "[[fission]]", "[[fusion]]", or "irradiation" instead of being referred to broadly as transmutation.

Artificial transmutation can be accomplished through the use of particle accelerators that strike elements with [[alpha particle]]s, [[deuteron]]s, or small nuclei.<ref name="RE1"/> With this process, some of the protons from the bombarding particles are lodged in the target nucleus, promoting the transmutation into a different element. In a nuclear reactor, the target nucleus is struck with neutrons, resulting in fission of nuclei.

In early experiments, high-speed alpha particles from <sup>214</sup>Bi were used to strike a nucleus. In 1919, Rutherford carried out the first nuclear reaction between these alpha particles and [[nitrogen]].<ref name="RE1"/> In this reaction, a nitrogen nucleus reacted with a high speed helium nucleus to form two new nuclei and a proton. This demonstrated the possibility of transmuting elements.
This lead to Rutherford, a physicist, to get the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry, for quite ironically, performing alchemy.<ref>"http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html" accessed July 4th, 2015.</ref> Although of course this alchemy was not turning lead into gold as so many centuries of alchemists had hoped.

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]