Voltage - Revision history

Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

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energy>Jmdonev at 21:53, 9 December 2021

2021-12-09T21:53:57Z

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	[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]		[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]

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	<iframe src="~~http~~://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html" width="800" height="600"></iframe>		<iframe src="https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html" width="800" height="600"></iframe>
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Jmdonev: 1 revision imported

2018-05-18T22:53:09Z

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Jmdonev at 21:53, 11 May 2018

2018-05-11T21:53:27Z

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	[[Category:Done ~~2015~~-09-~~06]]~~		[[Category:Done 2018-05-18]]
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	[[Category:Phets]]		[[Category:Phets]]
	[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]		[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]

	<onlyinclude>'''Voltage''' is often used as a shorthand term for '''voltage difference''', which is another name for '''potential difference'''. Voltage measures the energy that charge will get if it moves between two points in space.</onlyinclude> The unit for voltage is the [[volt]] (V) and 1 Volt = 1 [[joule\|J]]/[[coulomb\|C]].<ref name=A>R.T. Paynter, “Basic Electric Components and Meters,” in ''Introduction to Electricity'', 1rst ed. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2011, ch. 2, sec. 2.4, pp. 49-50.</ref>		<onlyinclude>'''Voltage''' is often used as a shorthand term for '''voltage difference''', which is another name for '''potential difference'''. Voltage measures the energy that a charge will get if it moves between two points in space.</onlyinclude> The unit for voltage is the [[volt]] (V) and 1 Volt = 1 [[joule\|J]]/[[coulomb\|C]].<ref name=A>R.T. Paynter, “Basic Electric Components and Meters,” in ''Introduction to Electricity'', 1rst ed. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2011, ch. 2, sec. 2.4, pp. 49-50.</ref>

	[[Outlet]]s and [[battery\|batteries]] both have voltages that are associated with them. In fact, whenever [[electricity]] is delivered over any distance, there is a voltage, (also known as potential difference), between the start and end points. When a voltage is applied, it is energetically preferable for [[electric charge]] to move towards the point of lowest voltage in the [[wire]]; that's a fancy way of saying that a positive electric charge gains [[energy]] when going from a point of high voltage to a point of low voltage. A negative electric charge would get energy from going in the other direction.		[[Outlet]]s and [[battery\|batteries]] both have voltages that are associated with them. In fact, whenever [[electricity]] is delivered over any distance, there is a voltage, (also known as potential difference), between the start and end points. When a voltage is applied, it is energetically preferable for an [[electric charge]] to move towards the point of lowest voltage in the [[wire]]; that's a fancy way of saying that a positive electric charge gains [[energy]] when going from a point of high voltage to a point of low voltage. A negative electric charge would get energy from going in the other direction.

	The greater the voltage, the greater the energy gain from moving between the two points. ~~Also~~, the greater the charge that travels through a voltage, the greater the kinetic energy gained by the charge. The equation is:		The greater the voltage, the greater the energy gain from moving between the two points. In addition, the greater the charge that travels through a voltage, the greater the kinetic energy gained by the charge. The equation that models this is:

	<m>E=Q\Delta V</m>		<math>E=Q\Delta V</math>
	:::* ''E'' is [[energy]], measured in [[joule]]s		:::* <math>E</math> is [[energy]], measured in [[joule]]s
	:::* <m>\Delta V</m> is the [[voltage]], measured in [[volt]]s		:::* <math>\Delta V</math> is the [[voltage]], measured in [[volt]]s
	:::* ''Q'' is the [[charge]], measured in [[coulomb]]s		:::* <math>Q</math> is the [[charge]], measured in [[coulomb]]s

	One single point does not have a voltage, since voltage is defined as the energy difference between two points. Voltage always depends on some reference point that is defined to be 0 V. For convenience, the [[Earth]] is almost always defined to be 0 V (in physics classes 0 V is often taken to be the potential at the point infinitely far away, but that isn't useful in electronics). Voltage generates the flow of electrons ([[current]]) through a circuit. The specific name for the source of energy that creates the voltage to make current flow is [[electromotive force]]. This relationship between voltage and current is given by [[Ohm's law]].		One single point does not have a voltage, since voltage is defined as the energy difference between two points. Voltage always depends on some reference point that is defined to be 0 V. For convenience, the [[Earth]] is almost always defined to be 0 V (in physics classes 0 V is often taken to be the potential at the point infinitely far away, but that isn't useful in electronics). Voltage generates the flow of electrons ([[electric current]]) through a circuit. The specific name for the source of energy that creates the voltage to make current flow is [[electromotive force]]. This relationship between voltage and current is given by [[Ohm's law]].

	An analogy is often helpful:		An analogy is often helpful:
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	<iframe src="http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html" width="800" height="600"></iframe>		<iframe src="http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html" width="800" height="600"></iframe>
	</html>		</html>

			== For Further Reading ==
			For further information please see the related pages below:
			*[[Direct current]]
			*[[Alternating current]]
			*[[Electrical grid]]
			*[[Energy for electricity by country]]
			* Or explore a [[Special:Random\| random page!]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Uploaded]]		[[Category:Uploaded]]
	~~[[category: Mark edit]]~~

J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-09-18T16:51:47Z

1 revision imported

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Jmdonev at 20:08, 17 September 2015

2015-09-17T20:08:37Z

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	[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]		[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg\|thumbnail\|right\|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]
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	:::* ''Q'' is the [[charge]], measured in [[coulomb]]s		:::* ''Q'' is the [[charge]], measured in [[coulomb]]s

	One single point does not have a voltage, since voltage is defined as the energy difference between two points. Voltage always depends on some reference point that is defined to be 0 V. For convenience, the Earth is almost always defined to be 0 V (in physics classes 0 V is often taken to be the potential at the point infinitely far away, but that isn't useful in electronics). Voltage generates the flow of electrons ([[current]]) through a circuit. The specific name for the source of energy that creates the voltage to make current flow is [[electromotive force]]. This relationship between voltage and current is given by [[Ohm's law]].		One single point does not have a voltage, since voltage is defined as the energy difference between two points. Voltage always depends on some reference point that is defined to be 0 V. For convenience, the [[Earth]] is almost always defined to be 0 V (in physics classes 0 V is often taken to be the potential at the point infinitely far away, but that isn't useful in electronics). Voltage generates the flow of electrons ([[current]]) through a circuit. The specific name for the source of energy that creates the voltage to make current flow is [[electromotive force]]. This relationship between voltage and current is given by [[Ohm's law]].

	An analogy is often helpful:		An analogy is often helpful:

	[[Gravitational potential energy]] is the energy that a ball stores while sitting on a table. The height times the [[acceleration due to gravity]] (''g'') gives the total energy that transforms into kinetic energy should the ball fall from that height. Electromotive force is whatever keeps picking the ball up and putting it back on the table (that's what drives the flow of balls falling off of the table).		[[Gravitational potential energy]] is the energy that a ball stores while sitting on a table. The height times the [[acceleration due to gravity]] (''g'') gives the total energy that transforms into [[kinetic energy]] should the ball fall from that height. Electromotive force is whatever keeps picking the ball up and putting it back on the table (that's what drives the flow of balls falling off of the table).

	[[Electrical energy]] is the energy released when a charge 'falls' through a potential difference (voltage). The voltage exists whether the charge is present or not.		[[Electrical energy]] is the energy released when a charge 'falls' through a potential difference (voltage). The voltage exists whether the charge is present or not.
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	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
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J.williams: 1 revision imported

2015-08-26T21:31:47Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:31, 26 August 2015
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J.williams at 17:00, 12 August 2015

2015-08-12T17:00:29Z

New page

[[Category:Done 2015-06-01]] [[Category: Needs Citations]]
[[Category:Phets]]
[[File:Three-pronged outlet.jpg|thumbnail|right|Figure 1. A labelled three-pronged outlet.<ref>This picture contributed by someone on the team.</ref> 120 V is maintained between the [[neutral line]] and the [[hot line]].]]

<onlyinclude>'''Voltage''' is often used as a shorthand term for '''voltage difference''', which is another name for '''potential difference'''. Voltage measures the energy that charge will get if it moves between two points in space.</onlyinclude> The unit for voltage is the [[volt]] (V) and 1 Volt = 1 [[joule|J]]/[[coulomb|C]].<ref name=A>R.T. Paynter, “Basic Electric Components and Meters,” in ''Introduction to Electricity'', 1rst ed. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2011, ch. 2, sec. 2.4, pp. 49-50.</ref>

[[Outlet]]s and [[battery|batteries]] both have voltages that are associated with them. In fact, whenever [[electricity]] is delivered over any distance, there is a voltage, (also known as potential difference), between the start and end points. When a voltage is applied, it is energetically preferable for [[electric charge]] to move towards the point of lowest voltage in the [[wire]]; that's a fancy way of saying that a positive electric charge gains [[energy]] when going from a point of high voltage to a point of low voltage. A negative electric charge would get energy from going in the other direction.

The greater the voltage, the greater the energy gain from moving between the two points. Also, the greater the charge that travels through a voltage, the greater the kinetic energy gained by the charge. The equation is:

<m>E=Q\Delta V</m>
:::* ''E'' is [[energy]], measured in [[joule]]s
:::* <m>\Delta V</m> is the [[voltage]], measured in [[volt]]s
:::* ''Q'' is the [[charge]], measured in [[coulomb]]s

One single point does not have a voltage, since voltage is defined as the energy difference between two points. Voltage always depends on some reference point that is defined to be 0 V. For convenience, the Earth is almost always defined to be 0 V (in physics classes 0 V is often taken to be the potential at the point infinitely far away, but that isn't useful in electronics). Voltage generates the flow of electrons ([[current]]) through a circuit. The specific name for the source of energy that creates the voltage to make current flow is [[electromotive force]]. This relationship between voltage and current is given by [[Ohm's law]].

An analogy is often helpful:

[[Gravitational potential energy]] is the energy that a ball stores while sitting on a table. The height times the [[acceleration due to gravity]] (''g'') gives the total energy that transforms into kinetic energy should the ball fall from that height. Electromotive force is whatever keeps picking the ball up and putting it back on the table (that's what drives the flow of balls falling off of the table).

[[Electrical energy]] is the energy released when a charge 'falls' through a potential difference (voltage). The voltage exists whether the charge is present or not.

==In domestic applications==
An [[electrical outlet]] in a house has 120 V (in Canada and the US) across the two holes. That voltage is always present and when an [[electrical load]] becomes part of the circuit (by plugging in an appliance, for example), that voltage makes current flow through the [[circuit]].

[[Electric generator]]s move [[magnet]]s near coils of wires to create the voltages on the [[electrical grid]].

[[DC generation]] creates voltages using the energy from [[light]] in [[photovoltaic cell]]s, or the energy from [[chemical reaction]]s, usually inside [[battery|batteries]], and even [[temperature]] differences by using [[thermocouple]]s. To learn more about the physics of voltage, please see [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/elevol.html hyperphysics].

A 9V battery has a voltage of 9V. Double A, AAA, C, and D batteries all have voltages (potential differences) of 1.5 V.

==Phet Simulation==
The greater the voltage, the more [[current]] will flow through a circuit. The [http://phet.colorado.edu/ University of Colorado] has graciously allowed us to use the following Phet simulation. Using the simulation below, investigate how increasing the voltage increases the current in a circuit:

<html>
<iframe src="http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html" width="800" height="600"></iframe>
</html>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]