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Transportation of liquefied natural gas: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:Done 2015-10-15]]  
[[Category:Done 2026-07-01]]
[[File:LNG-Tanker.jpg|thumb|500px|Figure 1, The Arctic Princess, LNG Tanker, built in 2006 and owned by Hoegh UK <ref name=Temp3>Maritime Connector, "9271248 ARCTIC PRINCESS," (2007). [Online]. Available: http://maritime-connector.com/ship/arctic-princess-9271248</ref>.  At 288 m x 49m<ref> http://www.vesselfinder.com/vessels/ARCTIC-PRINCESS-IMO-9271248-MMSI-257739000#ais-data-section accessed Dec 17th, 2014</ref>, two football games and a hockey game could be played simultaneously on the surface of this ship if it were flat. Note the scale by looking at the letters which are roughly the same size as a person.]]  
[[File:LNG-Tanker.jpg|thumb|500px|Figure 1, The Arctic Princess, LNG Tanker, built in 2006 and owned by Hoegh UK <ref name=Temp3>Maritime Connector, "9271248 ARCTIC PRINCESS," (2007). [Online]. Available: http://maritime-connector.com/ship/arctic-princess-9271248</ref>.  At 288 m x 49m<ref> http://www.vesselfinder.com/vessels/ARCTIC-PRINCESS-IMO-9271248-MMSI-257739000#ais-data-section accessed Dec 17th, 2014</ref>, two football games and a hockey game could be played simultaneously on the surface of this ship if it were flat. Note the scale by looking at the letters which are roughly the same size as a person.]]  
<onlyinclude>The transportation of [[liquefied natural gas]] (LNG) refers to any movement or shipping of [[natural gas]] while in its liquid form. The two major methods of transporting LNG are by pipeline and vessel</onlyinclude> (like the ship in Figure 1, please note the enormous size of the ship).
<onlyinclude>The transportation of [[liquefied natural gas]] (LNG) refers to any movement or shipping of [[natural gas]] while in its liquid form. The two major methods of transporting LNG are by [[pipeline]] and vessel</onlyinclude> (like the ship in Figure 1, please note the enormous size of the ship).


==Liquefied natural gas pipelines==
==Liquefied natural gas pipelines==
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==Liquefied natural gas vessels==
==Liquefied natural gas vessels==
The majority of worldwide LNG exports take place at an intercontinental level, meaning that shipping LNG across the ocean is often required. This is done with the use of an LNG vessel or LNG ship, which transports large quantities of LNG between export and import terminals. Several types of LNG vessels exist in the industry today, with the main one being referred to as an LNG tanker, as seen in Figure 1.
The majority of worldwide LNG exports take place at an intercontinental level, this usually means shipping LNG across the ocean. This is done with the use of an LNG vessel or LNG ship, which transports large quantities of LNG between export and import terminals. Several types of LNG vessels exist in the industry today, with the main one being referred to as an LNG tanker, as seen in Figure 1.


===Layout of an LNG tanker===
===Layout of an LNG tanker===
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[[File:LNG tanker (side view).PNG|775px|thumb|center|Figure 2. Layout of a typical LNG tanker<ref name=Temp5>Tosaka, Wikimedia Commons, "LNG tanker (side view).PNG," (2008). [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LNG_tanker_(side_view).PNG</ref>]]
[[File:LNG tanker (side view).PNG|775px|thumb|center|Figure 2. Layout of a typical LNG tanker<ref name=Temp5>Tosaka, Wikimedia Commons, "LNG tanker (side view).PNG," (2008). [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LNG_tanker_(side_view).PNG</ref>]]
==For Further Reading==
*[[Gas]]
*[[Liquefied natural gas]]
*[[Compressed natural gas]]
*[[Liquefied natural gas industry]]
*[[Natural gas]]
*Or explore a [[Special:Random|random page]]


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 20:55, 2 July 2026

Figure 1, The Arctic Princess, LNG Tanker, built in 2006 and owned by Hoegh UK [1]. At 288 m x 49m[2], two football games and a hockey game could be played simultaneously on the surface of this ship if it were flat. Note the scale by looking at the letters which are roughly the same size as a person.

The transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) refers to any movement or shipping of natural gas while in its liquid form. The two major methods of transporting LNG are by pipeline and vessel (like the ship in Figure 1, please note the enormous size of the ship).

Liquefied natural gas pipelines

Liquefied natural gas flows efficiently through pipelines so is a preferred method of transporting natural gas. Most LNG pipeline infrastructure takes the LNG between liquefaction facilities and storage facilities, from storage facilities to tankers, and from tankers to re-gasification facilities. LNG is much denser than compressed natural gas (CNG). This means that much higher amounts of gas are able to be transported for the same volume flow. The downside is that LNG pipelines are difficult and costly to construct.

As LNG requires a temperature of -160°C (-260°F) [3] to remain in its liquid form, significant insulation must be incorporated into LNG pipelines in order to maintain this low temperature and ensure no re-gasification occurs. This normally includes a combination of mechanical insulation, for example glass foam and a vacuum layer [4]. This complex insulation system makes LNG pipelines significantly more difficult and expensive to manufacture than standard natural gas pipelines.

Liquefied natural gas vessels

The majority of worldwide LNG exports take place at an intercontinental level, this usually means shipping LNG across the ocean. This is done with the use of an LNG vessel or LNG ship, which transports large quantities of LNG between export and import terminals. Several types of LNG vessels exist in the industry today, with the main one being referred to as an LNG tanker, as seen in Figure 1.

Layout of an LNG tanker

The main components of an LNG tanker are the boiler and pump rooms, a double hull for added strength, bow thrusters, and the LNG storage tanks themselves [5]. Typically, an LNG tanker is built with 4 or 5 individual LNG tanks, as seen in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Layout of a typical LNG tanker[6]

For Further Reading

References

  1. ↑ Maritime Connector, "9271248 ARCTIC PRINCESS," (2007). [Online]. Available: http://maritime-connector.com/ship/arctic-princess-9271248
  2. ↑ http://www.vesselfinder.com/vessels/ARCTIC-PRINCESS-IMO-9271248-MMSI-257739000#ais-data-section accessed Dec 17th, 2014
  3. ↑ Gate Terminal, "LNG Facts," (What is LNG?), 2011. [Online]. Available: http://www.gate.nl/en/lng-facts/what-is-lng.html
  4. ↑ PHPK Technologies, "Choosing the right insulation," (2008). [Online]. Available: http://www.phpk.com/pdf/LNGIndustry2008.pdf
  5. ↑ Discovery LNG, "Shipping and Transportation," (n.d.). [Online]. Available: http://www.discoverylng.com/safety/shipping
  6. ↑ Tosaka, Wikimedia Commons, "LNG tanker (side view).PNG," (2008). [Online]. Available: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LNG_tanker_(side_view).PNG
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