Liquid: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Done | [[Category:Done 2021-01-31]] | ||
[[Category:Translated to Spanish]] | |||
[[es:Líquido]] | |||
[[Category:Translated to French]] | |||
[[fr:Liquide]] | |||
[[File:mercuryswitch.jpg|200px|thumb|Figure 1. A liquid metal (specifically [[mercury (element)|mercury]]) switch on millimetre graph paper. The switch turns on when its body is tilted such that the mercury falls under gravity and touches the contacts, completing the [[circuit]].<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mercury_Switch_without_housing.jpg</ref>]] | [[File:mercuryswitch.jpg|200px|thumb|Figure 1. A liquid metal (specifically [[mercury (element)|mercury]]) switch on millimetre graph paper. The switch turns on when its body is tilted such that the mercury falls under gravity and touches the contacts, completing the [[circuit]].<ref>Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mercury_Switch_without_housing.jpg</ref>]] | ||
<onlyinclude>'''Liquids''', along with [[gas]]es and [[solid]]s, are one of the states of matter.</onlyinclude> Specifically, liquids describe when matter is in a dense state that | <onlyinclude>'''Liquids''', along with [[gas]]es and [[solid]]s, are one of the states of matter.</onlyinclude> Specifically, liquids describe when matter is in a dense state that is relatively '''incompressible''' (which means it doesn't change [[volume]] when [[pressure]] increases, as opposed to [[gas]]es which are compressible). Liquids have a [[density]] fairly close to that of the [[solid]] state of that material (within a few [[percent]]). Liquids are [[fluid]]s, which means that they flow easily. This also means that liquids will take the shape of their container because the [[molecule]]s can move past one another.<ref>"Gases, Liquids, and Solids," Purdue University. [Online]. Available: https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html. [Accessed: 11-May-2021]</ref> | ||
While most materials will turn into a gas if they get to a high enough [[temperature]], many materials will skip the liquid phase entirely unless under sufficient pressure. For example, [[carbon dioxide]] goes straight from solid to gas form unless under a fair amount of pressure (this is why frozen carbon dioxide is called 'dry ice'). At sufficiently high temperatures and pressures, the differences between gases and liquids disappear to form a [[supercritical fluid]]. | While most materials will turn into a gas if they get to a high enough [[temperature]], many materials will skip the liquid phase entirely unless under sufficient pressure. For example, [[carbon dioxide]] goes straight from solid to gas form unless under a fair amount of pressure (this is why frozen carbon dioxide is called 'dry ice'). The transition from solid to gas is known as [[sublimation]]. At sufficiently high temperatures and pressures, the differences between gases and liquids disappear to form a [[supercritical fluid]]. | ||
The study of liquids includes a fair amount of [[fluid mechanics]], which is relevant for both [[tidal power]] and [[hydroelectricity]]. To learn more about liquids please see UC Davis's [http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Wikitexts/ChemTutor/States_of_Matter Chem wiki]. | The study of liquids includes a fair amount of [[fluid mechanics]], which is relevant for both [[tidal power]] and [[hydroelectricity]]. To learn more about liquids please see UC Davis's [http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Wikitexts/ChemTutor/States_of_Matter Chem wiki]. | ||
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[[Category:Uploaded]] | == Further Reading == | ||
*[[Solid]], [[Gas]] | |||
*[[Supercritical fluid]] | |||
*[[Hydroelectricity]] | |||
*Or explore a [[Special:Random|random page]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
<!-- [[Category:Uploaded]] --> | |||
[[category: uploaded]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:14, 18 October 2021
Liquids, along with gases and solids, are one of the states of matter. Specifically, liquids describe when matter is in a dense state that is relatively incompressible (which means it doesn't change volume when pressure increases, as opposed to gases which are compressible). Liquids have a density fairly close to that of the solid state of that material (within a few percent). Liquids are fluids, which means that they flow easily. This also means that liquids will take the shape of their container because the molecules can move past one another.[2]
While most materials will turn into a gas if they get to a high enough temperature, many materials will skip the liquid phase entirely unless under sufficient pressure. For example, carbon dioxide goes straight from solid to gas form unless under a fair amount of pressure (this is why frozen carbon dioxide is called 'dry ice'). The transition from solid to gas is known as sublimation. At sufficiently high temperatures and pressures, the differences between gases and liquids disappear to form a supercritical fluid.
The study of liquids includes a fair amount of fluid mechanics, which is relevant for both tidal power and hydroelectricity. To learn more about liquids please see UC Davis's Chem wiki.
PhET: States of Matter
The University of Colorado has graciously allowed us to use the following Phet simulation. Explore the simulation to see how states of matter change depending on temperature and pressure:
Further Reading
- Solid, Gas
- Supercritical fluid
- Hydroelectricity
- Or explore a random page
References
- ↑ Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mercury_Switch_without_housing.jpg
- ↑ "Gases, Liquids, and Solids," Purdue University. [Online]. Available: https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html. [Accessed: 11-May-2021]
