Isobar (nuclear): Difference between revisions
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<onlyinclude>A '''nuclear isobar''' are two [[nuclear species]] | <onlyinclude>A '''nuclear isobar''' are when two [[nuclear species]] exhibit the same total number of [[proton]]s and [[neutron]]s for each [[nucleus]], but the number of protons and neutrons making up that total are different. In contrast, a [[nuclear isomer]] would be two nuclear species that have the same number of protons and neutrons, but the elements vary in [[energy]] state. An isobar is similar to an [[isotope]] or [[isotone]] in that it describes a different atomic nucleus with similarities.</onlyinclude><ref> A.D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson (Ed.). (2014, Dec. 12). ''IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology'' (2nd ed., the "Gold Book") [Online]. Available: http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03263.html</ref> Isobars always have the same [[mass number]] (which is the number written to the upper left of the [[chemical]] symbol). | ||
Some examples of isobars include: | Some examples of isobars include: | ||
* < | * <chem> ^{40}_{20}Ca</chem> and <chem> ^{40}_{19}K</chem> | ||
* < | * <chem> ^{14}_{6}C</chem> and <chem> ^{14}_{7}N</chem> | ||
''' A daughter nucleus after [[beta decay]] will always be an isobar of the parent nucleus''', since it doesn't change the number of [[nucleon]]s in the nucleus the way [[alpha decay]] does. Note that different isobars must always have a different number of protons (different [[atomic number]]), and must therefore be different chemical elements. | ''' A daughter nucleus after [[beta decay]] will always be an isobar of the parent nucleus''', since it doesn't change the number of [[nucleon]]s in the nucleus the way [[alpha decay]] does. Note that different isobars must always have a different number of protons (different [[atomic number]]), and must therefore be different chemical elements. | ||
Revision as of 22:50, 18 May 2018
A nuclear isobar are when two nuclear species exhibit the same total number of protons and neutrons for each nucleus, but the number of protons and neutrons making up that total are different. In contrast, a nuclear isomer would be two nuclear species that have the same number of protons and neutrons, but the elements vary in energy state. An isobar is similar to an isotope or isotone in that it describes a different atomic nucleus with similarities.[1] Isobars always have the same mass number (which is the number written to the upper left of the chemical symbol).
Some examples of isobars include:
- and
- and
A daughter nucleus after beta decay will always be an isobar of the parent nucleus, since it doesn't change the number of nucleons in the nucleus the way alpha decay does. Note that different isobars must always have a different number of protons (different atomic number), and must therefore be different chemical elements.
PhET on building nuclides
The University of Colorado has graciously allowed us to use the following PhET simulation. This simulation explores how adding different numbers of protons and neutrons makes different nuclides, such as different isobars:
References
- ↑ A.D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson (Ed.). (2014, Dec. 12). IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (2nd ed., the "Gold Book") [Online]. Available: http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03263.html