Energy Education

Hexane: Difference between revisions

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<onlyinclude>'''Hexane''' is a [[hydrocarbon]] that can be burned as a [[fuel]]. It's chemical formula is C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>, and it is a [[volatile]], colourless liquid that is highly flammable and insoluble in water.</onlyinclude><ref name=usepa> United States Environmental Protection Agency. (November 18, 2013). ''Hexane'' [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hexane.html [February 16,2015]. </ref>  
[[Category: Translated to French]]
[[File:hexane.png|200px|framed|right|Figure 1. Space-filling model of hexane, the white spheres represent [[hydrogen]] atoms and the black spheres represent [[carbon]] atoms.<ref>"Hexane-3D-vdW.png" Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hexane-3D-vdW.png</ref>]]


[[File:hexane.png|400px|framed|right|Figure 1. Ball and stick model of hexane, the white is [[hydrogen]] and the black is [[carbon]].<ref>"Hexane-3D-vdW.png" Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hexane-3D-vdW.png</ref>]]
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<onlyinclude>'''Hexane''' is an [[alkane]] with the chemical formula C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>. As a [[hydrocarbon]], it can undergo [[hydrocarbon combustion]] which gives off [[heat]].</onlyinclude> Traces of hexane can be found in raw [[natural gas]], which is a type of [[fossil fuel]].<ref>“NATURAL GAS FAQs,” Pacific Northern Gas RSS. [Online]. Available: http://www.png.ca/natural-gas-faqs/. [Accessed: 24-May-2017]</ref> This hexane is usually removed before being shipped to customers as an [[energy currency]].


Hexane has several important uses. Hexane is used frequently in the production and extraction of edible oils from nut and vegetable crops, such as soybeans and peanuts. As well, hexane has several industrial uses. Primarily, when used in commercial grades, hexane is used as a solvent for glues and varnishes where water cannot be used. This is because of the fact that hexane works as a solvent where water does not, due primarily to its polarity. It is also used as a cleaning agent known as a ''degreaser'' in the printing industry.<ref name=usepa/>  
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Hexane is a [[volatile]], colourless [[liquid]] that is highly [[flammable]] and insoluble in [[water]].<ref name=usepa> United States Environmental Protection Agency. (November 18, 2013). ''Hexane'' [Online]. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/hexane.pdf [May 28, 2017]. </ref> Hexane has several important uses. Hexane is used frequently in the production and extraction of edible oils from nut and vegetable crops, such as soybeans and peanuts.<ref name=usepa />


Hexane also undergoes [[hydrocarbon combustion]], combining with [[oxygen]] to form [[carbon dioxide]]. The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of hexane is:
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This [[organic molecule]] also has several industrial uses. Primarily, when used in commercial grades, hexane is used as a solvent for glues and varnishes where water cannot be used. This works because hexane is a [[non-polar solvent]] while water is a [[polar solvent]]. It is also used as a cleaning agent known as a ''degreaser'' in the printing industry.<ref name=usepa/>  
 
<center><m>2(C_6H_{14}) + 19(O_2)\leftrightarrow 12(CO_2) + 14(H_2O)</m></center>


==Properties==
==Properties== <!--T:5-->
Below is a table of some of the basic properties of hexane.
Below is a table of some of the basic properties of hexane.


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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
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| [[Molar mass]] || 86.17 [[kilogram|gram]]s/[[mole]]
| [[Molar mass]] || 86.17 [[kilogram|gram]]s/[[mole]]
|-
|-
| Melting Point || -95<sup>o</sup>C<ref name =elmhurst>Charles E. Ophardt. (2003). ''Virtual Chembook - Hydrocarbon Boiling Points'' [Online]. Available: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/501hcboilingpts.html [February 16,2015].</ref>
| [[Melting point]] || -95<sup>o</sup>C<ref name =elmhurst>Charles E. Ophardt. (2003). ''Virtual Chembook - Hydrocarbon Boiling Points'' [Online]. Available: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/501hcboilingpts.html [February 16,2015].</ref>
|-
|-
| Boiling Point || 69<sup>o</sup>C<ref name =elmhurst/>
| [[Boiling point]] || 69<sup>o</sup>C<ref name =elmhurst/>
|}
|}
==Combustion Reaction== <!--T:7-->
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Hexane also undergoes [[hydrocarbon combustion]], combining with [[oxygen]] to form [[carbon dioxide]]. The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of hexane is:
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<center>2C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub> + 19O<sub>2</sub> → 12CO<sub>2</sub> + 14H<sub>2</sub>O + Heat Energy ([[Enthalpy]]) </center>
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The [[hydrocarbon combustion]] reaction releases heat [[energy]] and is an example of an [[exothermic reaction]]. The reaction also has a negative [[enthalpy]] change (ΔH) value. 
==For Further Reading==
*[[Chemical energy]]
*[[Chemical bond]]
*[[Combustion]]
*[[Primary energy]]
*[[Energy conversion technology]]
*Or explore a [[Special:Random|random page]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Uploaded]]
[[Category:Uploaded]]

Latest revision as of 00:02, 27 September 2021

Figure 1. Space-filling model of hexane, the white spheres represent hydrogen atoms and the black spheres represent carbon atoms.[1]

Hexane is an alkane with the chemical formula C6H14. As a hydrocarbon, it can undergo hydrocarbon combustion which gives off heat. Traces of hexane can be found in raw natural gas, which is a type of fossil fuel.[2] This hexane is usually removed before being shipped to customers as an energy currency.

Hexane is a volatile, colourless liquid that is highly flammable and insoluble in water.[3] Hexane has several important uses. Hexane is used frequently in the production and extraction of edible oils from nut and vegetable crops, such as soybeans and peanuts.[3]

This organic molecule also has several industrial uses. Primarily, when used in commercial grades, hexane is used as a solvent for glues and varnishes where water cannot be used. This works because hexane is a non-polar solvent while water is a polar solvent. It is also used as a cleaning agent known as a degreaser in the printing industry.[3]

Properties

Below is a table of some of the basic properties of hexane.

Chemical formula C6H14
Molar mass 86.17 grams/mole
Melting point -95oC[4]
Boiling point 69oC[4]

Combustion Reaction

Hexane also undergoes hydrocarbon combustion, combining with oxygen to form carbon dioxide. The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of hexane is:


2C6H14 + 19O2 → 12CO2 + 14H2O + Heat Energy (Enthalpy)


The hydrocarbon combustion reaction releases heat energy and is an example of an exothermic reaction. The reaction also has a negative enthalpy change (ΔH) value.

For Further Reading

References

  1. ↑ "Hexane-3D-vdW.png" Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hexane-3D-vdW.png
  2. ↑ “NATURAL GAS FAQs,” Pacific Northern Gas RSS. [Online]. Available: http://www.png.ca/natural-gas-faqs/. [Accessed: 24-May-2017]
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 United States Environmental Protection Agency. (November 18, 2013). Hexane [Online]. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/hexane.pdf [May 28, 2017].
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Charles E. Ophardt. (2003). Virtual Chembook - Hydrocarbon Boiling Points [Online]. Available: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/501hcboilingpts.html [February 16,2015].
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